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A  MANUAL 

FOR 

EMIGRANTS, 

eUGOESTKD     BV  CIKCl  MSTANC'KS,    I'ROVKD      BY     PERSONAL 

EXTERIESCE    AND     INTENDED    TO    BE    PLACED 

IN    THE     HANDS     OF 


,  (•'  The  earth  is  thr  Lord's  and  the  fulness  thereof.") 

ALL    FOREIGNERS, 


KSPKCIALLY 


EMIGRANTS  FROM  THE  ''  BRTISH  ISLES," 

ARRIVING   AT  THE  VARIOUS  ATLANTIC   PORTS  IN 
THE  UNITED  STATES/If  AMERICA. 

BY  C.  II.'^VEBB, 

Saperintcndent  of  the  British  Protective  Emigrant  Sociotj  of 
New- York,  17  Rector-itrcet. 


N  E  W  -  Y  O  R  K  : 


PRINTED      BY      WILLIAM      OSBORN, 
Tribune  Buildinss. 

July,  1849. 

Price  One  Sliilling^. 


Y~- 


Enterad  «eeordiDf  to  Act  ofCoBgreM,  iathe  year  184t, 
,   BY  a   H.   WEBB, 
la  tb«Cl9rk'i  000*  of  tb«  Dlitrirt  Court  of  ih«  Southern  Dlilrtet  of 
New-York. 


3M 


A  MANUAL 

FOR 

EMIGRAITS, 

6U00KSTKD    BY  CIRCUMSTANCES,    I'ROVEl)      BY    I'liKbONAL 

EXPERIENCE    AND    INTENDED    TO    BE    PLACED 

IN    TilK     HANDS    OF 


.  /..-■., -^rK^^ 


("  The  earth  is  the  Lord's  ami  the  fulncps  tbcrcol'.") 

'^■{<^  ALL    FOREIGNERS, 


ESrFCIALLY 


EMIGRANTS  FROM  THE  *'  BRITISH  ISLES," 

ARRIVING  AT  THE  VARIOUS  ATLANTIC  PORTS  IN 
THE  UNITED  STATES'-'OF  AMERICA. 

BY  C.  H.  WEBB, 

Superintendent  of  the  British  Proiective  Emigrant  S,pcftt/^f    ~        ""^ 

New- York,  17  Rcctor-street.        /%  "^  x  ^  ' V,,  \ 

?f^      iJ.  S.  A.     " ;; 

^        N  E  W  -  Y  O  R  K  :  ♦        C>  ^  ^d^y  / 

**^  PRINTED       BY      WILLIAM      OSBO  B^^Tj^^^SH^^^^' 

Tribune  Buildings.  ' 

July,  1849. 


-SN 


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•%.>*•.     •.  \    *        v-^N      •        '       .v\   ..^     *■  ' 


W4 


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TO 

TilOMAH   DIXON.   KSQlllKK. 

UTI  fRKMlPKNT  OK  TIIM    HniriMIt  niOTKl'TIVK  KMIUHANT  Hr<riMtV, 
AMU   KX*l'MIC»tit»KN'l'   ()!>'   Tnc'.    Nl'.  (^KOUUk'm   tiUl)itC'r/| 

TUU    I^OLLOWINU    PAOKbi 

ARM     MO  IT     AieMl'KCTVULLY     INtOlilltKPi 

WITH 

HLNTIMENTH  OK  KSTUKM, 

»v 

IIIM   MU(*U    UnLKiUI), 

Ahl)   VKIIV    OnKDIKNT   KKKVANT, 

CUAH.  11.  WKUU. 


932 


' — *— iiini_ 


1'  R  h:  I-'  ACE, 


Tin:  wiitrr  of  lljin  litllo  work,  lni«,  for  aomo  yourrt, 
aeon  tho  tiocoHsity,  of  giving  direcC  and  2)0sit'n'c  in. 
formation  to  all  emigrants  arriving  from  Europe,  in 
ihn  Allunlic  PoMrt  of  tlioUnitotlSiiUoN;  und  tlio  va- 
riouH  •*  Protection  Societies  "  havo,  no  doubt,  abun- 
dantly  Hocurod  from  fraud  and  impobition,  thousands 
and  torjH  of  tljouHandn.  Still,  it  i«  j)reHumed,  that  a 
little  plain  and  reliable  information  in  thiu  shape 
will  not  prove  unacceptable  ;  and  from  tho  author's 
known  experience  and  general  knowledge  on  tho 
subject,  (having  for  several  years  performed  the 
duties  of  '*  Suporlntondont "  to  the  British  Protec- 
tive Emigrant  Society  of  New-York,  and  associated 
.  with  the  St.  George's  Society  of  that  City,)  he  ven- 
tures to  hope  that  his  intentions  will  be  found  sin- 
cere, and  his  suggestions  practical. 

The  object  of  this  pamphlet  is,  to  call  the  attention 
of  all  immigrants  arriving  at  this,  and  other  Atlantic 
ports  in  the  Western  world,  to  the  present  state  of 


Mi^kmrn 


flocioty  here,  and  its  requirements,  as  to  labor,  and 
other  useful  information,  and  is  particularly  intend- 
ed for  circulation,  among  a  class  of  men,  who  have 
visited  the  "Americas  "  with  the  intention  of  identi- 
fying themselves  for  "weal"  [or  for  "wo"  with 
the  "  Great  Republic,"  and  of  settling  in  the 
cuuntry. 

The  object,  therefore,  is  calmly  to  state  the  pros- 
pttts  of  those  more  immediately  concerned,  rather 
than  to  animadvert  on  the  circumstances,  that  in- 
duced the  •'  visit  "  to  a  '*  far  country,"  not  as  ••  Pro- 
digal Sons,"  but  with  the  view  o^** living^*  here,  in- 
steatl  of  •'  existing*'  there. 

OF  course  out  of  the  350,000,  more  or  less,  that 
will  settle  in  the  United  States  in  the  present  year, 
1949,  a  large  majority  will,  from  the  demand  for 
labor  in  the  "far  west,"  Rsjarmers,  laborers^  and 
otJierg  of  the  stamp,  carpenters  and  rough  mechanics, 
to  wit,  •*  live  in  the  land  and  fulfil  it ;"  but  with  re- 
ference to  an  important  class  of  people,  who  are 
willing  to  comply  with  the  fiat  of  Omnipotence 
wliich  destined  them  to*'  labor"  either  mcntallij  or 
corporeally,  the  case  is  widely  diflercnt,  and  involves 
circumstances,  most  appalling  to  the  condition  and 
chivalry  (so  to  s[)oak)  of  men,  wlio  are  willing  to 
"earn  tlicir  bread  by  tlie  sweat  of  their  brow,"  but 
whose  misfortune  is  education,  of  rather  a  superior 
description  to  the  present  demands  of  the  country. 


PREFACE.  Vii 

Many,  very  raany  such  men,  (and  who  so  willing 
to  comply  with  their  destiny  as  they])  have  been 
allured  from  their  European  homes,  under  the  im- 
pression that  here  was  a  market  for  their  exertions, 
and  an  existence  for  them,  provided  they  only  did 
their  duty,  and  subscribed  with  deference  to  the 
opinions  of  the  people  among  whom  they  intended 
to  dwell. 

It  is  not  intended  by  the  term  **  allured,"  that  in- 
telligent men  who  are  here  penniless,  are  altogether 
blameless,  for  they  were  "allured"  by  garbled 
accounts  as  to  the  demand  in  the  United  States,  for 
such  men  as  themselves,  on  the  authority  of  tlieir  ovm 
country  newspapers,  and  the  assurances  of"  circulars" 
and  for  agents'  interests,  artfully  welded  together  and 
concocted,  for  their  own  selfish  benefit,  but  profess- 
ing to  echo  the  sympathies  and  requirements  of 
employers  here,  as  to  the  demand  for  men  of  the 
stamp  alluded  to  ;  such  statements  being  propagated 
as  matters  of  grave  truth,  history  and  politics.  Not- 
withstanding all  this,  the  "  intelligent  men"  referred 
to,  ought  not  to  have  taken  for  granted,  on  this  autho- 
rity, things,  involving  so  many  serious  consequences 
to  themselves,  but  have  gone  to  "head  quarters," 
and  even  then  deeply  to  have  pondered^  the  prospects 
awaiting  them  on  a  foreign  shore. 


10  MANUAL   POK   EMIGRANTS. 

people,  to  whom  this  little  manual  is  particularly 
directed  ;  we  mean  gentlemen  with  wJiite  kands^ 
and  a  courtly  style,  professional  men,  small  trades- 
men, (without  capital,)  shopmen,  clerks,  teachers, 
commercial  agents, literary  gentlemen,  &c.  &c.,  they 
will,  here,  he  in  competition,  with  an  already  re- 
dundant supply  of  such  men,  "  citizens  born,"  with 
whom  competition  is  useless,  and  with  whom  the  for- 
eigner as  a  rule  cannot  successfully  struggle  against. 
Still  it  may  be  questioned  but  what  some  few  may 
in  the  recesses  of  the  far  west,  find  useful  and  even 
profitable  employment,  for  instance  "  a  surgeon,** 
or  perhaps  a  '*  schoolmaster,"  but  from  the  diffi- 
culty in  hitting  that  particular,  spot,  and  the  greac 
obstacles  in  the  way  of  certain  success,  it  is  at  once 
frankly  and  honestly  stated,  that  the  ^^  white  hands** 
are  not  wanted  in  the  United  States,  under  any  cir- 
cumstances whatever ;  and  to  such  being  here,  is 
recommended  a  return  at  once  to  their  native  shores, 
or  being  in  their  European  homes,  not  to  cross  the 
Atlantic  for  the  purpose  of  seeking  tiuccess  here,  for 
here  it  will  not  he  found. 

The  present  aspect  of  Eociety  in  the  principal 
cilios  on  the  Atlantic  shores,  the  chief  up  river  cities 
and  other  towns  and  villages  on  the  eastern  coast  of 
the  United  States,  is  that  of  being  already  too  much 
over  done ;  no  kinds  or  classes  of  emigrants  are  at 
all  wanted,  neitlier  animal,  mechanical,  scientific 
nor  classical,  and  every  ship  load  of  immigrants  ar- 
riving, that  do  not  press  westward,  only  reduces  the 
rate  of  wages  and  the  chances  of  tl>o  thousands 
already  unemployed.  Now  and  then  a  very  su- 
perior workman,  or  a"  barber's  clerk,"  or  a  "  French 


MANUAL    FOR    EMIGRANTS.  11 

tailor,**may  succeed,  hut  even  a  laborioushard-work- 
ing  Irishman,  can  hardly  exist  in  any  of  these  phices, 
the  consecutive   twelve  montlis,  without  3ome   as- 
sistance gratuitously  afTordedby  iho  wealthy.     The 
immigrant,  therefore,  on  landing  at  New-York,  is 
especially  informed,  that  if  he  stays  in  that  city,  he 
will  find  provisions,  boarding  and   washing,  &c.,  at 
least  50  per  cent,  dearer  than  in  the  old  country  ; 
while  his  money  lasts,  he  will  be  treated  with  affected 
hospitality  by  the  Emigrant  Boarding  House  Keeper, 
{^generally  one  of  his  own  countrymen,)    and  who  in- 
vites him,  from  interested  motives,  to  sojourn  at  his 
place,  till  it  is  gone  and  spent,  and  then  the   immi- 
grant's position  is  too  painful  to  dilate  upon — let  him, 
therefore,  press  on  for  the  V/est,  without  losing  a 
moment — this  is  his  only  certain  and  successful  plan. 
The  immigrant  will  here  remark,  that  on  arnval  he 
cannot  get  any  but  furnished  apartments  and  board 
supplied  him  by  the  people  of  the  house — the  pro- 
prietors of  some  of  these  houses  {there  ar e,  of  course ^ 
good  and  had^)  are,  generally  speaking,  very  exact- 
ing, and  the  charges*  are  such  that  even  if  a  poor 
hard-working  man,  with  a  family,  did  succ^'ed  in 
getting  employment  in  the  city,  he  would  bo  unable, 
with  all  his  exertion,  to  make  both  ends  meet.  Rents 
are  awfully  high  here,  and  "  put  out  '*  washing  from 
28.  6d  to  3s.  English,  per  dozen,  of  course,  beyond 
the  means  of  the  poor  man ;  and  as  to  his  wife  as- 


*  Donot^tay  at  any  boarding-house  that  has  not  the  charg^os 
or  list  of  prices  for  meals,  beds,  &g.,  plainly  posted  up.  Ti)«  law 
requires  this,  and  it  ought  to  be  enforced. 


12  MANUAL    FOR   EMIGRANTS. 

sisting  in  the  family  washing  in  a  boarding-house,  it 
is  quite  out  of  tho  question.  It  may  as  well  bo  here 
stated,  that  strangers  will  have  great  difficulty  in 
getting,  in  the  City  of  New-York,  unfurnished  rooms, 
and  that  if  they  succeed  in  obtaining  them,  they  will 
have  everything  to  provide,  viz.,  stove  and  other  ar- 
ticles, usually  considered  fixtures  in  tlje  old  country, 
and  let  with  tho  apartment.  To  avoid  these  ex- 
penses and  direct  tlie  immigrant  as  to  what  he 
should  do,  instead  of  wasting  his  time  in  attempting 
to  get  work  here,  we  again  say  •*  press  on  for  the 
West." 

The  immigrant  is  hereby  cautioned,  as  to  the  ex- 
pences  of  removing  his  goods  from  the  ship  on  ar- 
rival, and  in  all  cases  it  would  be  well  to  have  a 
thorough  understanding,  for  some  of  the  unlicensed 
cartmen  are  notoriouslyadverse  to  practical  honfsty^ 
and  will  agree  for  4  sliillings  or  8  shillings,  (as  the 
case  may  be,)  to  take  the  luggage,  and  when  the 
duty  is  performed,  demand  4  shillings  or  8  shillings 
English,  instead  of  American  mcmoy,  which  is  only 
half  the  value  of  sterling,  thereby  robbing  the  emi- 
grant to  the  extent  of  lOi)  per  cent. 

Ahcays  make  a  bargain  if  you  have  occasion  to 
employ  a  cart  for  tlie  removal  i)f  baggage,  &c. 

The  price  allowed  in  New-York  by  law  for  a 
cart  load,  ai»y  distance  not  exceeding  half  a  mile, 
is  31 J  cents,  and  for  each  additional  half  mile,  one 
third  more. 

See  that  the  cart  has  a  number  on  it;  this  is  a 
proof  that  it  is  licensed  ;  and  bo  careful  to  re- 
meTiiber  the  number. 

It  would  be  as  well  if  the  immigrantdid  not  move 


MANUAL    FOR    EMIGRANTS.  13 

his  lugjrngo  from  the  ship  at  all,  till  he  has  deter- 
mined his  western  route,  and  then,  to  cause  it  to  be 
transmitted  direct  to  the  new  conveyance,  viz.,  as 
the  coBc  may  be,  the  railroad,  the  canal,  or  the  up- 
river  steamer,  &c.,  &c. 

This  should  be  done,  if  practicable,  in  all  cases, 
and  tlio  sooner  arrangements  are  then  made  for 
moving  forward  the  belter  ;  the  only  thing  that  is 
dangerous  now  is  delay. 

With  the  view  of  promoting  this  part  of  the  bu- 
siness, viz  :  that  of  "going  forward,"  the  in'migrant 
is  solemnly  warned,  in  the  first  place,  of  the  frauds 
practised  on  the  unwary,  in  turning  his  foreign 
money*  into  the  *'  current  "  notes  and  dollars  of  the 
country,  ])erhaps  no  currency  in  the  world  afforde 
greater  scope  for  roguery  and  imposition  than  does 
the  system  of  fiscal  exchanges,  prevalent  in  the  States. 
In  every  such  case,  it  is  strongly  recommended  to  all 
immigrants,  of  whatever  country,  to  apply  at  once, 
when  he  lands,  to  the  "  Protection  Society,"  of  the 
country  he  may  belong  to,t  where  gratuitous  informa- 
tion and  assistance  is  heartily  extended  to  all  who  may 
apply  for  it,  and  no  description  of  fraud  sanctioned 
on  "  the  stranger,  in  a  strange  land,"  no  charges 
are  made  for  any  services  done  for  him,  and  none 
in  fact,  are  permitted. 


•  The  reader  will  find,  appended  to  this  little  ^ork,  a  correct 
table,  showinj;  the  value  of  sterling  money  in  Federal  currency, 
from  one  penny  to  a  pound,  and  computed  on  Government  au- 
thority.    See  page  35. 

t  The  addresses  and  other  particulars  respecting  these  Socie- 
ties will  be  found  at  page  38. 


14  MANUAL    FOR   EMIGRANTS. 

Having  now  properly  converted  his  money*  into 
the  **  circulating  medium,**  the  immigrant  is  warned 


*  It  is  here  submitted  to  emigrants  having  brought  consider* 
able  eums  of  money,  intended  for  the  purchase  of  farms,  &.c. 
by  no  means  to  take  it  with  them  into  the  country,  but  to  invest 
't  under  the  advice  of  their  respective  Protective  Societies,  in  some 
respectable  banking  estabhshment  in  the  city,  till  they  have 
agreed  for  the  purchase  of  a  suitable  holding.  By  not  doing  so, 
they  run  great  risks  of  being  robbed  of  all  they  possess.  An  in- 
stance is  here  appended  of  a  respectable  British  farmer,  adopt- 
ing thia  jyrecaution,  viz.,  tiiat  of  investing  the  bulk  of  his  money 
in  the  way  recommended,  and  taking  for  travelling  expences 
&,c.,  uome  £iO  or  jC50  with  him,  but  of  which  he  was  cruelly 
robbed,  his  trunk  having  been  broken  open  during  h'^  absence 
and  every  article  of  value  abstracted — of  course  all  would  have 
gone  but  for  the  foresight  and  thoughtfulness  exhibited  Again 
by  depositing  the  'uoney  in  the  bauka  and  taking  a  proper  "  cer- 
tiHoule"  of  tlio  inveft'itnout,  itciu»  be  n-udily  turned  into  cash  ut 
lUiy  of  the  rouutry  hanking  esltihliMlmuMilB  or  lur;,'o  nicrcimtilo 
lionsoH  in  any  of  tho  Stiit(»s,  and  wliich  invari:ili!y  hearH,  under 
Much  cirniuiHiaiice.s,  from  1^  to  U  per  c(M>t.  prennum.  Muny^in- 
dividuals,  known  to  tho  writer,  have  been  heartl<*Hsly  robbed  of 
their  ••  all,"  by  a  cliiss  of  miscreants,  who  are  constantly  on  the 
••  look  out "  for  now  comers  from  the  old  country,  by  ingratiating 
themselves  into  ihoir  confidence,  ohtirning  the  terret  of  their 
XDorldly  riches,  and  then  devising,  with  deiHish  sagacity,  the  ruin 
of  their  temporal  prospects  and  happiness.  Beware  also  of  •♦  ad- 
VftrliHomcntsV  that  pr«tend  tlm  dihpoMal  of  dirent  romfortahU 
farinit  at  vrry  low  price*,  thin  is  another  triek  to  irnpof  ■^  upon 
••  nli-aiiKem."  In  all  ea»«rn  |;»»  to  tho  •'  land  ojlire  "  in  tho  ntntn 
yuii  intend  loHettlo,  whern  yuii  can  |>uruhur«n  «uloly  at  tlin  gov< 
rrninrint  price,  without  tho  cxpenftcM  of  brokerage,  iNcc,  and  be 
certain  uf  a  valid  titjo, 

Tho  writer  is  coinpilled,  in  jni»tico  to  American  nharaoter,  to 
■tntn  nioHt  lionrtNtly  nnti  fearli^uMly,  that  no  caHO  of  impropriety 
)\t\H  been  made  out  hgaln«t  them  to  hi»  knowledge.     The  rrtal 


MANUAL    POR    EMIGRANTS.  •  l5 

as  to  his  next  step,  tliat  which  brings  him  at  once 
into  connection  (and  unless  he  minds  what  he  is 
about  he  will  bo  taken  in)  with  the  "  forwarding 
companies  ;"  some  of  these  are  **  jyrctcnflcd^'^  and  to 
whom  are  attached  a  band  of  individuls  usually 
termed  "  runners,"  some  of  whom  (the  "  unlicens- 
ed ")  are  the  greatest  scoundrels  in  existence.  No- 
thing is  so  important  to  the  immigrant  as  doing  bu- 
siness with  truly  honorable  and  dependable  men.* 


offender  is  invariably  a  countr^'man  of  the  immigrant  himself, 
and  who  understands  the  brogue  or  dialect  of  the  country  from 
whence  ho  may  coinr.  Another  iuHtunco  corroborntivo  of  tliii 
is  inserted.  A  rcppcctablo  British  farmer,  with  nearly  X'20U0 
•terling,  arrived  nt  thirt  port  from  England,  and  was,  of  course, 
anxiouB  to  purchnHO  u  fiirm  in  tl)0  country  and  go  to  work  ;  ho 
foil  in  with  a  countryman,  who  r;ormcd  out  all  piirticulur»  of  his 
properly,  luggage,  &,c.,  and  ofjaint.t  the  dirtrt  caution  of  the 
**  Prulertivr  Sucictij,'"  ho  put  iiitt  alluirs  in  the  luindM  of  thin  in- 
fnmouHNCump,  who  iuKiMtrd  uponliaving  incxrhnnge  for  tl»o  ICng- 
lUh  iiinnoy  nf  tliiN  luiforliiiiiil'i  iixlivithutt,  Ainriiniin  gold,  which 
WQM  iupplifd  ;  he  wiih  uIho  iiwivro,  having  f(<rretrd  it  out,  in  which 
of  Iho  triinkH  iho  ••  goid  "  wuh  depoHilcd.  Tho  time  for  Bliirting 
nrrivod,  nwiintrd  hy  im  iiPfoinpIirn  thin  vugnlxtnil  pr«Hon<lt<d  that 
uvory  thing  wuh  rl^ht,  and  jiiht  viptin  lliu  ^ltnunt1r  Nlniling,  got 
Ihefarinor  into  (MMivorMnlidu  witli  Iiim  urrurtx'd  <•  h"'lpni«M«t,"  who 
drew  liiH  Hltontion  to  tho  bu^y  hcpuoh  thoi.  going  forward  on  th«<  • 
North  Kiver.  Iti  llm  m«<nn  timo,  tho  other  wont  ln«low  in  u  grout  # 
hurry,  nll'ortrd  that  n  iniiititKn  liad  orourrod,  lltnt  n  wrong  luix 
)»udbrt(in  litUftu  friiiu  lh»  Ixmniing-hounti;  ho  tlitiiicoolly  ii|i(tuldi<r- 
I'd  tho  trunk  containing  the  emigrant's  goM  and  walked  olVwith 
it.  loavini;  the  family  d<<Ntltuto  of  every  cent  of  money,  and  has 
uol  hIuco  been  heard  of. 

•  Tho  reader  will  find  llio  nnincsnnd  other  particulars  in  re- 
forenoo  to  their  buKiMOHs  of  the  principle  forwarding  hounes  in  tho 
City  of  New-York,  and  whoso  houomblo  conduct,  kiudncstt  and 


J  6  MANUAL    FOR   EMIORANTg. 

At  any  rnto  tho  **  Protection  Societies  *'  will,  if  the 
irnmi^rnnt  Ims  uny  doubt  onlliii  purtof  tlio  subject, 
Hot  biru  tliMtiuclly  dorir,  nnd  will,  in  addition,  coiifirm 
tliiH  intormf\tiou. 

'riio  wriioi'  Ikmo  bears  willing  toHtimony  to  tho 
'/oiil  iind  prof  taction  nfloi'd'-d  to  Mtrftn^<«rrt  by  tho 
wlMdoof'tlio  Now- York  nowMpMporH  ;  rindwholmvo 
ono  and  all  frc<juonlly  cxpoHcd  tbo  villatiios  prac- 
liHnil  upon  tljo  "  idinpt'Mt.  loHscd  "  Htran^or,  luid  Imvo 
hl'Hi  rrpoiitfilly  wui'immI  tlio  ifiiini^niut  nj^uiiint  ovory 
tloMcriptlon  oC  fraud  nnd  impoHturo.  Tlio  Novv-York 
'i*ribuiu*,  iiiuou^  tlui  otIioirH,  liiis  dun(«  irn  bont  to 
•*mIiow  up  "  Hoitu)  (»r  ilio  iViiudu  to  wlucli  pi>or  omi. 
j^nmtrt  aro  oxposod  on  liiudlri((  nt  N<3wVo!k  by 
t)nnin  pr«'t<MHb'd  iiimmiIm  iiiid  l<»i  svnnlint';  ctiMipiinicM, 
it  will  opun  tliooyoH  of  nil  Inturostrd,  who  will  thou 
p(»U'oivn  tho  jH'cosxity  of  «i(!lin^  with  ynM\l  cnulion. 
WcM'opy  puit  ofiHi  nt'liolc,  iiiuuni^  iniiny  nihorM,  IVoui 
thiit  papor,  wtl!  dcMcivitii';  tho  lhti!i!<H  «d"  tho  wholo 
cnunuunily. 

"  lit  Kovonil  I'lMKMit  lUMfimcoM  it  is  proved  thiit  fumi' 
lioM  liJivo  paid  in  our  city  ilinni^'h  tu  niillulu,  Clovis 
laud,  Chic.ui^o,  tVc.,  ytt  liavo  boon  stopped  halfway 
by  a  diMuuiid  of  mori*  inonrii^  iin  tho  only  coiidilioii 
on  which  th(<y  rrudd  bo  allowod  to  promod,  or  turn, 
blod  oir  on  a  doj-.k,  and  lolV  to  Hhifi  for  thjimHolvon 
aH  ihcy  n)ight.  In  oihor  caHCS  ihcy  havo  boon 
chai^fMl  oxira  fur  hiin.'ui^d  ju  violation  of  Ihtilr 
ar^^o<uuout«,  aiul  ntill  at'aiu  ihoy  havt<  bi'oii  nwindlod 
by  a  praclico  torr)H3d  "  Jlall/hxint^**  ihoir  oflortH — 


coimld.Tiitlon,  thr  writor  trulififi  l<»  fr<>;n  long  rxpor'umon  Rud 
nvrry    iliiv  InlpriMtiioii,  (at>n  «iiltqi'|iM>Ml  |••«^rt  ; 


MANUAT.   I'Oll   r.MKillANTK.  17 

tlint  iff  innkini^  tlio  wol^;l)l  twico  t.lio  roul  uinouni, 
nnd  co»n|»i:llinj^  tlicin  to  jmy  full  cliar^;oH  on  llio  un- 
ju«t  coiiiputfition.  TliPNo  uro  lnjt  u  part  «»!'  tlioj)p- 
proHNioiiH  Iirnpod  upon  a  cIiihn,  vvIioho  ixivorty  iiixl 
lio]pl»i.MHH('H«,  it  woulil  No(un,  nuMt  proMorvo  ihom 
from  tlio  rapacity  of  any  but  liio  inoMt  ul)iui<lt)iu»tl 
villaljj.N." 

l«'<)ll()wiiif^  llicMO  ])r(HMiuti(niM,  ami  bnin;^  for- 
wariKMl,  tlio  omif^ruiit  nioviin  forward.  IIt»  1«  now 
launcluMl  into  a  now  Htiito  of  tiilii|;N  und  Ihin  onlyoii 
liif«  ariiviil  nt  tlin  placo  of  lii«  dontiiuition  to  "do  liin 
duty,"  A  fow  HUi'^^oslioiiM  tiro  lioro  iu)t  d(MMnnd 
inappropriiito,  i\t\  to  what  iniiy  ho  ctmsidtM'od  "  duin^ 
h'lM  dtity."  It  irt  not  lliut  of  tnondy  uutrhin<f  /ainf  (iu<l 
ftiithfulh/.  You  aro  in  nnoilior  luntl,  a  Htranj»;o 
Country,  nnd  it  would  bu  vvtdl  to  obKorvu  an  u  ])rin- 
ciplo,  till)  following  rules  of  conduct :  you  will  fitjd 
tlu)  roward  in  ho  doini(. 

JNt.  Cilvo  up  thu  liubit  of  Hp(>n(lin^  your  ovoningn 
in  tlio  public  liouNo,  notliing  ntilitiitoM  ho  \x\\\c.\\ 
ngaiuHt  a  man  lioro,  qm  tlio  pntcdca  of**  viMiiing  mucIi 
places. 


•  Tlio  author  l»y  wny  of  illiihtrnlliii;  tlm  ovil  ellVtUn  of  linhib- 
\nfl  urraiiinnal  (hinkt  thliONlr^uvo  to  nlnlo  tliitl  iiiiuiy  iudiviihiiilN 
who  huvo  fuUflii  uiul<>r  hiMiiolico,  will,  from  Iho  ncriirHiMl  ny^loin 
ofvinit'mj(  tl)»  porlor  Iioii^om  iiiid  jjroi^  nloroM — not  only  add  lo 
thnir  dilVioitlty  nnd  dlnlroHri,  hnl  cvon  wr\lk  nhoiit  in  n  Htnte 
of  Imlf  drunkonuoM  onddiHordor — when  by  naviiij;  und  couHcrv- 
ingpvery  peuny,  they  nii;jht  iimko  a  much  bolter  npiKMirunco 
nnd  run  thn  ohunooii  of  emplnymoni,  prnrludod  by  tlMur  own  in- 
(eniimriuice  und  folly.  Nolhlnu  li  moro  rommoii  thnti  lo  linttr 
■uoh  people  juHlIfy  thl«  very  ulnpld  cunlom  by  Dinting  Ihnt  it  In 
n«o»M*ry  to  their  romfort  Niid  to  ko^p  up  litoir  MpirilM,  ^c,  but 


18  MANUAL   FOR  XMIORANTfl. 

2!h1.  Keep  mirly  liourH  miil  livo  tomporately,  bo 
that  you  may  do  your  duty  with  easo  to  yourself; 
and  nH  tho  buHt  fioctirity  of  ••  ^(mkI  luMilth"  and 
••  lonj;  lifo." 

3id.  ]Jo  n*t  talk  about  politics,  they  wo  n't  "  put 
monoy  in  thy  puiio,"  hut  will  ostranp^o  tho  ostopm  of 
your  own  aull'  respect,  aiid  perchance  mtiko  thoo 
onomioH. 

4th.  Don't  find  fault  with  the  implements  of  hus- 
bandry, or  mode,  or  stylo  of  doing  things,  till  thou 
liast  a  farm  of  thino  own,  (and  you  will  then  know 
betfe»';)  depon<l  upon  it,  tho  native  farmer  will  not 
bo  dictated  to,  and  if  you  are  paid  by  him  for  doing 
1u&  husincs.Sf  what  does  it  signify  to  you  how  timt 
business  is  done  ?t 


they  fur^ret  that  a  bad  cuHtom  is  "  better  honored  in  tho  breach 
Ihuii  in  the  observance,"  and  that  bad  brandy  is  but  a  [H)or  pre- 
scription for  bad  spirits  and  worse  circumstance«. 

t  Uy  way  of  warning,  the  writer  would  remark  that  it  often 
happens,  crt|)ccially  anionff  young  p«;ople,  tliat  on  arrival  they 
apply  to  the  Superintendent  to  be  informed  where  they  may 
meet  with  employment,  and  upon  being  directed,  instead  of  thank- 
fully accepting  what  may  present,  refuse  the  service  on  th© 
ground  that  they  are  not  to  be  paid  the  customary  wages  of  the 
country.  Can  sucli  individuals  expect  (when  they  have  so  muc!i 
to  learn  and  unlearn)  tho  money  paid  to  a  first  class  servant, 
who  perfectly  understands  his  business?  Tiiese  f/oor  deluded 
people  will  frequently  refuse  ^9  to  !$10  per  month,  and  coolly 
demand  fj,V2  to  $16,  (tiptop  wages)  and  when  too  late,  are  com- 
pellril  to  take,  are  very  glnd  to  take  situations  vastly  inferior  in 
every  respect.  Wo  copy  from  the  Toronto  Examiner  the  fol- 
lowing:— "  The  condition  of  tho  immigrants  and  tho  situation 
of  the  farmers  in  this  part  of  the  country,  preser.te  some  Tory 
singular    anomalies.     Tho   immigrants,    many   of    whom    are 


MANUAL    FOn   KMIGIIANTS.  19 

Olh.  Fall  into  iho  way  of  doing  things  qr  they 
aro  most  in  voguo,  and  bo  cautious  uot  to  mako 
enemies. 

6th.  "Fear  God  and  trust  in  Providence,  where- 
ever  thou  may'st  be." 

We  here  publish  for  the  information  of  emigrants 
the  following  letter : 

Cincinnati,  May  Oth,  1849. 
C.  H.  Webb,  Esq. 

Dear  Sir: — I  have  an  ongagcment  on  tho  New  Albany  and 
Salem  Railroad,  many  men  will  to  employed,  say  at  least  one 
thousand,  for  two  years.  I  know  that  there  are  hundreds  of  men 
unemployed  in  New  York,  and  that  there  are  numbers  coming 
out  in  every  vessel ;  now  we  want  farmer's  men  to  work  with 
pick  and  shovel,  others  to  lay  rails  and  sleepers,  others  at  build- 
ing walls  with  stone  dry  walling  as  we  call  it,  others  stone  ma- 
sons, and  indeed  at  all  kinds  of  work  connected  with  the  con- 
struction of  railroads.     Can  you  give  this  publicity  ?     •     * 

Mr.  James  Willetts,  of  19^  Division  Street,  is  a  son  of  one  of 
the  contractors,  and  will  see  you  on  the  subject,  if  you  will  drop 
him  a  note.  •»»»•* 

Living  here  is  very  cheap,  pork  3  cents  per  pound  ;  beef  and 


broken  down  in  health,  without  self-trained  habits  of  industry, 
and  unacquainted  with  much  of  the  labor  to  be  performed  in  a 
new  country,  demand  higher  wages  than  men  born  in  tho  coun- 
try and  capablo  of  performing  every  description  of  farm  labor, 
can  be  obtained  for.  These  demands  are  resisted  by  the  farmers, 
many  of  whom  during  this  harvest  aro  greatly  in  want  of  assist- 
ance ;  and  some  of  them  complain  that  efficient  assistance  is 
not  to  be  obtained.  The  immigrants  are  very  much  deceived 
as  to  their  own  capabilities  and  the  value  of  their  labor.  Unprin- 
cipled parties,  who  pretend  to  be  their  friends,  do  much  to  de- 
ceive them  on  this  point.  The  country  could  absorb  an  immense 
amount  of  immigrants  if  they  were  all  capable  of  laboring  effi- 
ciently, and  willing  to  take  reasonable  wagee. 


26  MANUAL   FOR   EMIORANtB. 

Other  proviflloni  the  same  reuAonabto  rale.  To  men  wishing  to 
buy  farms  there  are  great  inducements,  as  they  could  go  on  to 
a  farm  bought  hom  tiie  company  and  work  out  the  price.  I 
name  this  because  I  know  that  there  are  many  men  who  wish  to 
get  into  tlie  country,  buy  farms  and  go  to  work — yet  by  some 
strange  fatality  they  remain  in  the  city  and  lose  their  capital. 

You  will  remember  me  aa  the  man  who  bought  the  schooner 
Peruvian,  &,c.,  &,c. 

I  am  yours  truly, 

JOHN  ROWLEY. 

But  now  a  very  important  and  serious  duty  in- 
deed, devolves  upon  the  writer  in  addressing  him- 
Belf  to  that  unfortunate  class  of  people  for  whose 
services  there  is  no  demand,  for  whom  no  market  ij 
open,  and  who  are  hero  starving  and  penniless; 
the?e  remarks  are  intended  more  by  way  of  prevent- 
ing other  such  men  from  visiting  the  United  States, 
than  advising  with  those  wlio  would  return  to  their 
native  lands.  Still  wo  shall  not  overlook  the  claims 
of  tliose  who  aro  hero  helplessly  idle,  and  who  may 
want  advice  and  assistance  in  this  the  saddest  mo. 
ment  of  their  eventful  lives, — wo  shall  not  shrink 
from  dealing  in  a  general  way,  with  even  th^  neces- 
sities of  these. 

If  a  goulloman  without  prefession  and  unaccus- 
tomed to  labor  comes  iiere,  he  cannot  exist,  unless 
he  has  private  resources,  and  it  is  earnestly  hoped 
that  men  of  this  stamp  will  keep  away,  as  they 
only  embarrass  (without  a  chance  of  success)  the 
efforts  of  those  whom  they  may  interest  in  their  be- 
half, or  to  whom  they  may  get  introduced.  If  a 
man  is  not  prepared  for  hard  and  laborious  duty — 
he  is  not  wanted  hero.  Those  who  aro  in  this 
country  of  the  stamp,  had  better  return   to    their 


MANUAL    FOR    EMIGRANTS.  21 

own,  if  thoy  have  the  means  of  so  doing,  and  if  they 
have  not,  wliy  then,  if  they  don't  wish  to  starve, 
they  must  get  on  to  the  "  West,"  heg  their  toay,  sleep 
and  live  as  they  can,  and  if  they  are  really  m 
earnest  and  are  not  ashp.med  to  be  seen  with  brown 
hands  and  a  hard  palm,  they  will  soon  work  their 
way.  The  Americans  are  kind-hearted  and  thought- 
ful, and  will  make  allowances,  but  they  like  to  see 
a  man  tnj^  they  like  to  know  that  a  man  endeavors 
to  deserve  success, — and  if  he  shows  such  a  dispo- 
sition to  throw  off  the  gentleman  and  genteel  preju- 
dices, he  will  soon  go  ahead,  and  find  that  the 
Americans  will  not  be  tardy  in  according  a  help- 
ing hand. 

The  writer  here  wishes  to  be  distinctly  under- 
stood, that  lads  and  young  men  from  14  to  18  years 
of  age,  can  get  easily  apprenticed  to  worthy  and 
excellent  employers  if  they  are  so  inclined.  They  will 
be  taught  a  good  business  or  trade  in  all  its 
branches  ;  be  well  boarded  and  lodged,  with  wash- 
ing, &;c.,  &c., — and  obtain  $25  to  $30  per  year  as  a 
start,  besides;  andnf  they  conduct  themselves  well 
this  will  increase  to  S 100,  or  perhaps $150  before  they 
are  out  of  their  lime.  The  friends  of  such  youths  must 
also  bear  in  mind  that  no  premiums  are  required. 

Emigrants  who  come  out  on  speculation  should, 
(if  married,)  leave  their  families  at  home,  till  they 
get  settled  and  prepared  for  them.  The  distress 
arising  from  not  adopting  this  suggestion  is  of  the 
most  painful  character.  The  husband  has  to  leave  to 
the  care  of  heartless  strangers,  his  wife  and  child- 
ren while  he  is  seeking  for  work,  perhaps  hundreds 
of  miles  off;  and  the  wives  themselves  have  fre- 


22  MANUAL    FOR   EMIGRANTS. 

quently  to  fulfil  situations  of  the  most  distresting 
drtidgery  for  an  existence,  vfhWe  the  children  are  pro- 
vided with  the  charitable  dainties  and  comforts  of  the 
Alms  Houses.  The  expenses  of  moving  about  the 
country  with  a  wife  and  children  will  wear  down 
the  best  private  resources.  To  our  own  knowledge, 
and  hundreds  of  instances  may  bo  cited  illustrative 
of  this  view,  families  have  at  last  been  unable  (from 
want  of  fund-)  to  accept  situations  which  ulti- 
mately have  presented  themselves  at  a  distance,  and 
have  thus  been  hopelessly  steeped  in  j^overty,  turpitude 
and  moral  degradation  ;  all  arising  from  the  want  of 
caution  in  leaving  the  family  at  home,  till  proper 
provision  has  been  made  for  its  reception.  The  hus- 
band should  also  remember  that  his  family  can  come 
out  as  securely  without  liim  as  with  him,  and  it 
would  not  be  speaking  too  strongly  to  assort  in 
nine  cases  out  often,  more  comfortably  altogether. 
Again,  supposing  the  head  of  the  family  may  so 
happen  to  dislike  the  country  ns  a  place  of  settle- 
ment; why  put  himself  to  the  expense  and  his 
family  to  tho  inconvenience  of  twice  crossing  the 
Atlantic  1 

A  few  general  remarks  to  disabuse  the  minds  of 
many  emigrants  on  the  subject,  is  here  considered 
necessary. 

Some  are  under  the  impression  that  should  they 
not  succeed  in  America  they  can  be  sent  back  at 
the  expense  of  the  Consul,  or  the  city  authorities  or 
benefit  societies  !  Depend  upon  it  this  is  altogether 
untrue. 

Another  impression  is  that  the  owners  of  vesse-s 
are   in  some  degree  responsible  for  supporting  the 


MANUAL    POR   EMIGRANTS.  23 

destitute  who  may  have  come  out  in  their  ships,  or 
at  least  of  taking  them  back — this  is  likewise  untrue. 
Owners  of  ships  are  not  liable  for  the  support  of  the 
emigrants  they  may  bring  out,  as  they  have  to 
pay  a  commutation  on  each  passenger  to  the  Emi- 
gration Commissioners,  that  he  may  not  become 
chargeable  to  the  authorities  for  the  term  of  five* 
years.  This  is,  however,  not  open  to  abuse,  but  is 
applicable  to  the  sick  and  decayed  only,  and  not  to 
able-bodied  persons  capable  of  labor,  and  who  will 
not  exert  themselves  properly  by  pushing  at  once 
into  the  interior.  The  Consul  can  only  send  back 
shipwrecked  or  disabled  sailors. 

Another  class  of  emigrants  require  to  be  advised 
in  reference  to  their  money.  They  leave  England 
or  Ireland,  as  the  case  may  be,  rather  short  of  cash, 
and  expect  on  arrival  remittances  from  their  friends 
in  this  country,  but  who  may  be  hundreds  of  miles 
off  in  the  interior ;  the  better  plan  is  before  any 
person  leaves  the  Old  Country,  to  write  (if  he  ex- 
pects assistance  from  his  American  friends)  to  them 
before  sailing — so  that  on  arrival  at  this  port  he 
may  apply  at  the  Consul's  or  Protective  Society's 
offices,  and  at  once  receive  the  money  on  applica- 
tion. But,  unfortunatelj>many  arrive  here  almost 
destitute,  and  then  write  to  their  friends  for  money, 
forgetting  that  sometimes  a  letter  may  be  a  month, 
or  even  more,  before  it  comes  to  hand,  and  that  in 
some  cases   it  may  miscarry  altogether.     Nothing 


•  Thii  law  ifl  particularly  mswted  upou  in  the  State  of  New- 
York. 


24  MANUAL   FOR   EMI6RAKTS. 

can  be  more  distressing,  under  such  circumstances, 
than  the  condition  of  the  unfortunate  emigrant  who 
is  thereby  exposed  to  the  most  degrading  poverty, 
inconvenience  and  misery. 

To  prevent  the  inconvenience  and  distress  conse- 
quent on  such  folly,  it  is  suggested  that  no  person 
should  embark  on  board  the  emigrant-ship  in  the 
old  country  without  having  a  thorough  understand- 
ing with  his  friends  as  to  his  means  of  existence  on 
arrival  here  ;  and  if  mOney  is  to  be  sent  forward  to 
meet  him  on  landing,  it  should  bo  done  promptly, 
and  consigned  post  free  to  the  care  of  the  consul 
or  the  Protective  Society,  with  full  particulars,  &c., 
&c.,  as  to  its  administration. 

It  is  also  suggested  to  emigrants  when  travelling, 
to  provide  themselves  with  plenty  of  small  silver 
money  ;  and,  if  you  can  avoid  it,  do  not  take  the 
American  notes  in  exchange  for  your  sterling  money 
till  you  can  discriminate  between  the  counterfeit 
and  the  genuine  ;  you  will  be  sadly  imposed  upon 
if  you  do  n't  mind  this  advice. 

.  Again  :  in  selecting  a  proper  vessel,  the  emigrant 
ift  warned  as  to  the  sort  of  ship  ho  should  select  for 
his  voyage.  In  all  cases  the  regular  packets  should 
be  patronized,  because  t*^y  are  better  constructed 
for  the  transit  of  passengers  than  ordinary  mer- 
chantmen. Some  of  these  latter  are  frequently 
twice  us  long  on  the  passngo  as  those  recommended, 
and  in  that  event,  from  the  want  of  provisions,  (his 
sea-stock  being  exhausted,)  the  unfortunate  emi- 
grant is  compelled  to  purchase  of  the  captain,  at 
enormous  rates,  food  for  his  support,  and  on  arrival 
at  his  destination  finds   himself  literally  without  a 


26  MANUAL   FOR   EMIGRANTS. 

with  these  suggestions  you ^11  he  highly  inconve- 
nienced. 

We  are  again  indebted  to  the  New  York  Tri- 
bune of  June  12tli,  1849,  for  an  article  which  is  so 
much  to  the  purpose  and  so  admirably  written, 
llint  we  give  it  verbatim — and  which  will  no  doubt 
prevent  a  further  immigration  of  the  "white  hands,** 
if  it  only  be  reprinted  for  their  information  by  the 
European  newspaper  press. 

••  COUNSEL    TO    IMMIGRANTS.** 

'*  Tho  mighty  wave  of  European  Emigration  still 
breaks  upon  our  shores  in  undiminished  volume 
and  force.  Each  week  wilneases  the  arrival  of 
thousands  :  each  year  sees  tho  immigration  of  any 
former  year  surpassed.  Estimating  each  year's  in- 
crease at  only  ten  per  cent,  the  number  of  Euro- 
peans who  will  come  over  to  us  annually  will  very 
soon  reach  half  a  million. 

"  We  rejoice  in  being  able  to  state,  ihot  the  impo- 
sitions and  extortions  formerly  practised  on  the  ig- 
norant and  friendless  immigrants,  by  way  of  our 
city,  have  already  been  greatly  diminished  by 
virtue  of  the  recent  acts  of  Congress  and  our  State 
Legislature — the  former  guarding  against  the 
crowding  of  hundreds  into  an  inadequate  space, 
often  unventillated  and  every  way  noisome,  while 
tho  latter  is  intended  to  protect  them  against  fraud 
and  iniquity  after  nearing  our  shore.  The  ar- 
rungemepts  for  this  purpose  are  not  yet  perfect,  but 
we  believe,  they  have  already  reduced  the  average 
cosl  of  transporting  immigrants  from  this  City  to 


MANUAL    FOR   EMIGRANTS.  25 

ceni,  and  almost  without  hope.  Had  be  taken  his  ^ 
passage  in  iha  regular  packet,  his  means  would  not 
have  been  frittered  away  in  paying  three  times  tho 
value  for  provisions  on  board  the  vessel,  and  he 
would  have  had  sufficient  money  on  arrival  to  have 
helped  him  into  the  interior,  or  for  other  purposes. 
Again  :  it  is  intimated  to  those  who  may  bo  desi- 
rous of  visiting  this  country,  in  taking  their  passage 
in  London,  Liverpool,  Bristol,  or  any  other  seaport 
in  the  old  country,  to  deal  with  the  owners  or  the 
captain  of  the  vessel  only.  The  greatest  inconveni- 
ence has  arisen  from  taking  the  "  Contract  Ticket  ** 
from  an  '*  agent,"  who  promises  everything  and  per- 
forms nothing.  These  sort  of  folks  are  responsible  to 
no  earthly  tribunal,  and  the  frauds  they  practise  on 
the  unwary  are  thick  and  three-fold.  The  emigrant 
is  aiso  warned  in  all  cases  to  keep  his  *'■  contract 
ticket,^''  and  hy  no  means  to  give  it  up  under  any  cir- 
cumstances^ it  will  secure  him  against  ill-treatment 
on  board,  or,  at  any  rate,  procure  him  proper  redress 
on  landing  if  its  conditions  are  unfulfilled. 

Once  more,  in  purchasing  your  sea  stock  or  pro- 
visions, bedding  and  other  necessaries  for  the  voy 
age,  it  is,  in  all  cases,  better  to  "  market"  for  your 
self,  than  to  leave  it  to  the'*  agent."  In  nine  cases 
out  often,  these  men  are  not  to  bo  trusted.  They 
charge,  in  all  cases,  the  highest  pricct  and  generally 
supply  articles  inferior  in  quality  and  deficient  tV» 
weight;  it  is  also  proper  that  you  should  see  the 
**  cooking"  accommodation  of  the  vessel,  and  pro- 
vide *u/7ai/<f  utensils,  for  the  particular  ship,  you  come 
out  in;  this  is  absolutely  necessary,  as  the  stoves  vary 
in  construction,  and  unless  yop  act  in  accordance 
2 


MANUAL    FOR   EMIGRANTS.  27 

their  various  destinations  west  of  Buffalo,  fully  one- 
half.  Not  that  the  forwarders  are  content  with  half 
that  they  formerly  received,  but  the  enormous  sums 
formerly  abstracted  from  the  immigrants  by  runners, 
passage  agents,  and  boarding-houses,  are  essentially 
reduced.  A  very  large  proportion  of  the  immi- 
grants now  arriving  at  our  port  never  land  in  our 
city  at  all,  but  are  transferred  from  the  ships  di- 
rectly  to  the  steam  and  tovvboats,  which  trke  them 
to  Albany  on  their  way  to  Buffalo  and  the  West. 
Thus  a  large  portion  of  the  waste  of  means  formerly 
encountered  here  has  been  obviated,  while  the  saving 
of  health  and  morals  is  at  least  equally  a  theme  for 
congratulation.  And  we  believe  the  average  cost, 
including  absolutely  necessary  food,  of  immigrants' 
conveyance  from  shipboard  at  this  port  to  their  fu- 
ture homes  between  Detroit  and  the  Mississippi,  is 
rather  under  than  over  twenty  dollars  per  family  of 
two  adults  and  two  children.  The  transportation 
of  their  effects,  beyond  a  hundred  pounds  to  each 
full  passenger,  is,  Oi' course,  an  additional  charge. 

"  One  of  the  best  signs  of  the  times  for  immigrants 
is  the  rapid  and  striking  change  in  public  sentiment 
with  regard  to  them.  It  is  not  many  years  since 
the  settlement  of  a  ship-load  of  Dutch  or  Irish  in 
any  county  or  section  was  apt  to  be  regarded  by 
its  earlier  inhabitants  with  regret  and  aversion. 
The  uncouth  garments,  unintelligible  language,  sin- 
gular modes  of  culture,  and  difference  in  almost 
everything  from  our  American-born  people,  were 
subjects  of  constant  and  unfavorable  comment.  The 
fact  that  many  of  the  less  destitute,  cultivated  but  a 
nmall  portion  of  the  farms  they  bought,  leaving  the 


28  MANUAL   FOS  EMIGRANTS. 

resulue  untouched,  was  thought  to  threaten  whoto 
counties  with  the  Canada  thistle  and  other  migra- 
tory scourgea.  But  experience  has  removed  one- 
half  the  causes  of  complaint  and  taught  our  people 
the  groundlessness  of  their  fears  with  respect  to  the 
other.  Each  of  the  now  states  is  now  systemati- 
cally seeking  to  draw  to  herself  a  larger  and  still 
larger  portion  of  the  great  stream  of  immigration, 
and  ono  at  least  (Micliigan)  has  just  a])p()iinted  an 
agent  to  act  for  hor  in  our  city  with  that  purpose. 
And  this  is  but  tho  beginning. 

**  A  part  of  tho  immigrants  now  arriving  will  per- 
sist in  stopping  at  ono  or  anotlior  of  tlio  Atlantic 
ports,  just  TXH  tlioy  may  happen  to  bo  consignod  or 
landed,  TI>oy  inijjht  as  M(:nf<il)ly  Ht()p  at  Sandy 
Hook  orConoy  Island.  If  ihoyhavo  money  enough 
to  live  on  witliout  vxoitlon,  tlioy  tiiuy,  of  couiro, 
stop  where  tliey  liUo  ;  bui  if  tlioy  liuvo  their  living 
to  earn,  it  is  niadnt^HH  to  Btop  in  atiy  seaport.  Tho 
siniplo  fact  tlnit  vessel  aftfM'  vrHMul  londrd  with  iin* 
inigrantN  irtconrtlanlly  landing  ut  eacli  of  thrue  port:« 
should  convince  them  that  they  can  have  no  fair 
cliaiico  in  micli  localities.  I'lvcry  dopartm<Mit  «)f 
labor  or  indurHlrial  ollbrt  is  crowded,  and  those  t>f  a 
prufoMsionul  or  intolloctual  cliaractor  mt^nt  of  uny, 
A  hod'carrior  or  strcot-sweopcr,  freshly  lumled  in 
New.York  or  Pljiladolphia,  hus  some  chance,  but  a 
doctor,  l:uvyor,  or  writer  fov  tho  profis,  has  none. 
Tho  niikml  i'liot  that  Ijo  lun  delilxMuloly  rxchanjjod 
a  country  where  his  capacities  mtist  to  some  extent 
bo  ktiown,  forono  in  wliich  they  arenccoNsarily  and 
utterly  unknown,  raises  a  veryMtrong  presumption 
ngainst  hit)  abilities  or  ids  good  conduct.     "  Why 


MANUAL    FOR   EMIGRANTS.  29 

filiould  1)0  havo  cmigrntod  if  bo  wore  succcflsful  in 
liifl  vocation  fit  linnio  ?  nnd  if  not,  liow  can  lio  liopo 
to  Buccood  lioro  ?"     Such  avo  tho  natural  tbougli  un- 
ultoiod  (juoBlions  which  jirocludo  his  obtaining  oven 
Q  clmncc  to   hIjow  that  ho  is  good  for   Bomotbing* 
Ho  must  confront  hero  a  kindred  bund  of  aspirants 
from  ovtu'y  partof  our  own  BpaciouR  lan<l,  ur  origor 
nnd  as  capable  of  endurance  as  himself,  and  who 
nro  not  doomed  to  encounter  tho  liko  depressing pro- 
•umption.     Thus  our  cily  has   con:>tantly  un  onor. 
mouN  uxccHH  of  poets,  doctorn,  (of  uU  sorts,)  and  men 
of  lellers,  not  to  spouk  of  tbo  legions  of  cx-clerks, 
who  cannot   possibly  rack    from    their  brains  tho 
whcrowitlml  to  (ill  their  stomachs,  and,  but  for  tho 
AltnS'lIonso  nnd  tho  Lunatic  Asylum,  tlio  mnjority 
of  t)»on»  could  not  bo  ublo  to  livo  ut  all.    Mmi  Iruiut 
0(1  to  mnnuul  labor  havo  a  littlo  better  cbpnco,  but 
Btill  a  hard  one  in  those  sun*board  citios.     Ifthoro 
wore  work  oiK)Ugh  (as  there  is  not)  to-day  for  all 
who  aro  hero,  tho  next  wave  of  immigration  would 
absorb  it  all  and  call  for  moro.     Moan  time  food, 
hhtdtor,  tVc,  avo  nocossarily  niucli  doaror  horo  tlian 
in  tho  country,  and  a  married  laborer,  in  conntont 
omplnymont,  can  hardly  huvo  q  dollar  j   if  nick  or 
out  of  woik,  ho  can  ncurcoly  navo  bimsolf  from  bug- 
gary.     At  least  a  third  of  our  laboring  classes  niuut 
appeal  to  charity  gf  iomoi^ort  loanable  thorn  to  got 
through  Q  winter. 

"It  is  far  othoi'wiiio  in  tho  tidnly-soltlod  portions  of 
tbo  Now  Slaloi,  Cheap  Food,  cheap  Timber  and 
Fuel,  and  a  vory  general  demand  for  Labor,  put 
another  face  on  the  poor  man'it  condition.  Kvon  if  ho 
i«  Miok  or  idl9,  bU  ront  and  fuel  ooit  lUtlo,  tttid  bU 


so  MANUAL   won  IMIOHANTfl. 

clillJron  or  hi*  cow  ottn  plok  up  iomfttlilhg  towAt'd 
&  Bubaistonco  in  tlio  opoti  forests  or  by  tbo  wayside. 
^o  mun  who  lias  the  Hplrlt  of  work  in  liim  need  op. 
prohond  NtnrTnlion  in  any  of  our  now  «ottlf?montn, 

**  Our  imniigrftTitfl  begin  to  npprociato  thoflo  trnthw, 
nnd  noiirly  oU  of  tliofii  who  Imvo  niiy  pt'ttctluul 
faculty  inako  a  boo-liiio  for  tho  West,  i«avinj^ 
mahily  tlioso  of  tho  luiiHt  adaptation  or  idUcluncy 
tryin^r  to  live  In  tiio  cities,  Tho  pootn  Rtop  iicro  ; 
tlio  BpadorH  rxud  ditrhors   stonm  ntrnlf^ht  by,  nnd 

mnUn   thnir  firpt    hnlt.  ncnnowlinin   tdicmt.   ihn   Oi'imt 

LakuH.  JJut  even  tlioso  aro  upt  to  fall  into  ono 
error,  and  li  id  n^^aliiHt  thla  wo  niuun  to  wurn  thorn, 
oven  nttho  pxpotmo  oftlioir  pfood  will, 

**  Tho  first  idea  of  a  Kuropoan  landing  boro  and 

Knokhij^  work  It*  I^^.i^h  Wtti'tin,  1I«  doer*  not  con.. 
Bidor  tlmt  ho  is  utterly  unacquainted  with  our  im- 
ploniontrt  and  modes  of  doing  thiuf^H — that  ho  can 
Boldom  plfint  or  mow  or  mriUn  fonrn  in  nnr  ii'nji 
nearly  bo  mat  as  a  born  Yankoo  ;  ho  soch  otdy  that 
llio  YuuKoo  y«>it»  twolvo  or  lifLdtin  dollaia  \x  iiitiolh 
n>r  farm  work,  and  ho  insiBls  on  havini^  as  much. 
lUit  lio  cannot  j^o  I'orwaid  and  do  as  tho  Yunkoo  can  ; 
ho  can  hiirdly  koop  up  with  him  whr-n  plarrd  boMido 
lum  ;  nnd  howovvir   athletic  nnd  faithful,  hi,s  florvi* 

TOO   xxvQ   »oi  ufofl/i  »a  tniirh   jmr   iiuiuth   tia   ihti   Yuii- 

koo*M.  Failinp;  to  obtain  what  ho  demandti,  ho  bo« 
comtjd  dlhguMled  with  rural  labor  in  America,  turns 
back  to  «f)mo  city,  whrro  ho  can  fM>t  pnrlmpfl  far 
})ip;hcr  money  wnjjos,  but  ctin  savo  little  or  nothing, 

nvrwi  whfiii  onipUiyod.  IhinMci,  )»ti  iti  lintinhlg 
nothing  bore  of  any  uso  to  him  ;  and  if  Winter  do 
not  pinch  him,  Old  Ago  certainly  will. 


MANUAL    ron    KMIOUANTt.  31 

^IIo  locks  forcsighi  and  calcululou  badly.    Sup- 
\)om  ho  cnii  ^Mit  l»ut  Nuvt^ii  (lolliirrt  a  nioiilli  on  a 
furrn,  whilo  iho   YunUoo  who  \vt»rUH  bt^MiiU)  him  \» 
puid  fiftoonjot  iiitn  ika'im'  inuid  ihu  dii{iiuity  if  ht) 
hna  a  good  clmnco  to  loiirn  our  Amorican  wayH  of 
furminj^.    That  is  tho  groat  pomt.     Lot  liiin  loam 
to  do  Qs  wo  do  first,  an'l   improvo  o*\  our  wayn  as 
mucli  DS  poHHiblo  ttflorward.     A  ninglo  year  will 
Buflico,  if  ho  ho  docilo  and  observing,  to  givo  hitn 
dexterity  [w  our  ways ;  after  that  ho  will  \h)  e<iuul 
to  any  American,  and  may  command  an  good  wagoM, 
possibly  bettor,  as  ho    will   undertitand    many  old 
<5()untry  wiiyw  whirh  in  tlwilr  pliirn  urn  wupnrior  Ut 
ours.     Let  htm  by  no  muaus  Rtand  idle  or  botako 
him.Holf  for   higher    wages    to    railroad-grading    if 
single,  but  learn  how  farming  is  dono  in  this  coun- 
try, considering  the  oxperionco  and  skill  the  bt^st 
part  of  his  pay  for  lUo  first  year.     After  that,  if  a 
good  man,  ho  noed  no  moro  stand  idlo  nor  work  for 
half  prico. 

••  There  never  was  a  time  when  Labor  was  oo 
generally  needed  by  our  farmers  as  now.  Our  ve- 
inarkably  luto  S])ring  has  given  plaeo  to  ti  most 
genial  and  thrifty  Summer.  Our  cold  May  put  our 
farmers  away  back,  but  the  sun  and  rain  of  Juno 
aro  rapidly  making  amends  for  it.  IIo,  you  who 
nro  bogginj;  and  tramping  for  work  in  iho  cities ; 
scatter  yourselves  ovor  iho  country  ond  you  can 
hardly  avoid  itl" 

Torsons  in  England  aro  too  apt  to  givo  an  opi. 
nion  about  the  demand  hero  for  clerks  ond  profim- 
aional  men,  arising,  (so  they  say,)  from  the  great 
oumboi-s  that  havo  migrated  to  California— but  thii 


^'a  MANUAL   FOR   EUIQRANTB. 

is  an  awful  mistake,  and  Iiqa  boon  tho  ruin  of  hun* 
<1iO(l« — for  wlicio  ono  lotivcii  for  Culifornlft  ihoro 
uro  four  who  visit  Now-York  to  supply  liJs  place 
from  llio  interior  of  our  own  States,  besides  tho  re- 
dundant influx  of  such  gentry  from  Europe,  tho 
Canadas  and  elsewhere. 

AVo  now  como  to  tho  reasons  that  may  bo 
assigned,  and  which  may  bo  urged  by  those  who 
have  boon  disappointed,  in  justifying  a  return. 

1st.  A  man  may  bo  too  delicate  in  constitution, 
and  be  physically  incapable  for  hard  labor. 

2nd.  Neither  himself,  nor  his  friends  may  feel  dis- 
posed to  humor  the  practical  spirit  of  the  rule 
held  here  inviolate,  "  that  if  a  man  will  not  work 
neither  shall  he  eat.'* 

3rd.  He  may  refer  to  the  false  reports  of  the  de- 
mand for  such  as  himself,  and  basely  propagated 
by  unprincipled  **  agents"  in  his  own  country,  for 
the  purpose  of  obtaining  a  "  commission**  on  his 
passage  money,  and  on  his  sea  stock  and  necessa- 
ries. 

4th.  He  may  honestly  assert  that  the  Americans 
in  all  cases  prefer  *'  a  Citizen'*  to  any  foreign 
assistance,  in  the  performance  of  those  genteel  or 
delicate  duties,  requisite  in  a  refined  state  of  society. 
5th.  That  all  men  with  **  white  hands"  are  more 
tlian  suspected  (if  they  be  not  Professional)  of  leav- 
ing their  Fatherland,  with  some  sort  of  discredit, 
attached  to  their  moral  reputation  or  character: 
and  that  even  good  testimonials  are  here,  but  sel- 
dom available. 

Cih.  It  may,  again,  be  fearlessly  asserted,  that  tlte 


MANUAL    FOR   EMIORANTS.  33 

plan  of  business  arrangements  is  so  differently 
managed  here,  that  the  experience  of  foreigners,  is 
but  of  little  avail  in  transacting  the  ordinary  require- 
ments expected  to  bo  performed,  and  that  for  a  con- 
siderable peiiod,  such  men  would,  in  an  American 
merchant's  store  or  counting  house,  be  comparative- 
ly valueless. 

7th.  It  may  also  be  gravely  assumed,  that  even 
if  a  man  o?  tJiig  stamp  did  succeed  in  getting  a  situa- 
tion,  his  expenses  would,  for  a  year  or  two  at  least, 
exceed  his  salary,  and  that  unless  he  had  private  re- 
sources, he  could  not  hope  to  retam  it. 

8th.  That  such  men  a'-e  expected  to  make  a  gen- 
tlemanlike appearance,  very  much  more  so  than  in 
European  cities,  and  that  board  and  washing,  clo. 
thing  and  incidentals  are  nearly  double  the  London 
prices. 

These  and  many  other  reasons  may  bo  relied  on, 
to  justify  an  immediate  return  to  their  own  country 
of  the  individuals  referred  to,  and  there  can  be  no 
doubt,  that  the  feeling  of  annoyance^  in  being  com- 
pelled to  return,  will  subside,  when  it  is  here  assert- 
ed that  little  more  than  twelve  months  ago,  coming 
under  the  writer's  own  knowledge,  twenty  young 
Englishmen,  some  of  them  of  highly  respectable 
families,  recently  arrived,  disappointed  in  their  ef- 
forts to  obtain  employment,  and  unable  or  unwilling 
to  return  to  their  native  land,  embraced  the  sad  and 
melancholy  remaining  alternative  of  enlisting  in  the 
United  States  Army,  and  at  once  proceeded  to 
Mexico. 

In  conclusion,  it  must  be,  however,  borne  in  mind 
that  very  many  of  this  class  of  gentlemen,  by  adopt- 
2» 


34  MANUAL   FOR   EMIGRANTS. 

ing'the  plan  recommendecl,  viz.,  of  begging  their 
way  into  the  interior,  or  getting  there  as  they  could, 
have  been  very  successful ;  it  only  requires  the  will 
and  a  little  patience.  Be  then  not  discouraged. 
You  must  fulfil  your  destiny,  and  by  honest  industry 
lay,  as  a  skilful  artificer,  the  first  stone  on  a  good 
foundation  ;  that  foundation  is  lahor^  its  reward  is 
proportionate  to  your  efforts,  its  advantages  are  in- 
alienable, and  its  fruits  will  be  plenty,  happiness 
and  contentment. 


35 

TABLE, 


J.      J.M.    .M^     J-,     *^     J 

Showing  the  value  of  sterling  money  in  Fed- 
eral  currency  from  one  penny  to  a  pound. 


Ji 

s. 

d. 

%       cts. 

0 

0 

1 

= 

0  2 

0 

0 

2 

= 

0  4 

0 

0 

o 

= 

0  6 

0 

0 

4 

= 

0  8 

0 

0 

6 

= 

0  10 

0 

0 

G 

-_. 

0  12 

0 

0 

7 

= 

0  14 

0 

0 

8 

= 

0  16 

0 

0 

9 

= 

0  18 

0 

0 

10 

__ 

0  20 

0 

0 

11 

= 

0  22 

0 

lor 

12 

^ 

0  24 

0 

2 

0 

= 

0  48 

0 

3 

0 

= 

0  72 

0 

4 

0 

= 

0  96 

0 

5 

0 

= 

1  21 

0 

6 

0 

=r 

1  45 

0 

7 

0 

=: 

1  69 

0 

8 

0 

=r 

1  93 

0 

9 

0 

= 

2  17 

0 

10 

0 

= 

2  42 

0 

11 

0 

= 

2  66 

0 

12 

0 

= 

2  90 

0 

13 

0 

= 

3  14 

0 

14 

0 

=: 

3  3S 

0 

15 

0 

_. 

3  62 

0 

16 

0 

= 

3  87 

0 

17 

0 

= 

4  12 

0 

18 

0 

= 

4  36 

0 

19 

0 

= 

4  60 

lorSO 

0 

i= 

4  84 

36 


TABLE, 

Showing  the  Federal  value  of  ^1  sterling  to 
^15. 


1 

IS 

1 

6s. 

1 

10 

1 

15 

o 

o 

5 

2 

10 

2 

15 

3 

3 

5 

3 

10 

3 

15 

4 

4 

5 

4 

10 

4 

15 

6 

5 

5 

G 

10 

5 

15 

(> 

0 

5 

() 

10 

C 

15 

7 

7 

5 

7 

10 

7 

15 

8 

$4  84  1 

6 

5 

7 

26 

8 

47 

9 

68 

10 

89 

12 

10 

13 

31 

14 

52 

15 

73 

16 

94 

18 

15 

19 

36 

20 

57 

21 

78 

22 

99 

24 

20 

25 

41 

2G 

62 

27 

S3 

29 

4 

30 

25 

31 

46 

32 

67 

33 

88 

35 

9 

3G 

30 

37 

51 

38 

72 

£S 

55. 

isS39  93 

8 

10 

41  14 

8 

15 

42  35 

9 

43  56 

i» 

5 

44  77 

9 

10 

45  98 

9 

15 

47  19 

10 

48  40 

10 

5 

49  61 

10 

10 

50  62 

10 

15 

52  3 

11 

53  24 

11 

5 

54  45 

11 

10 

65   66 

11 

15 

56  87 

12 

58  8 

12 

5 

59  29 

12 

10 

60  50 

12 

15 

61  71 

13 

62  92 

13 

5 

64  13 

13 

10 

65  34 

13 

15 

66  65 

14 

67  76 

14 

5 

68  97 

14 

10 

70  18 

14 

15 

71  39 

15 

72  60 

37 

To  convert  Sterling  Mo7iey  into  Federal  Currency, 
Rule. 
Multiply  iho  number  of  pounds  by  40,  and  double 
the  shillings  and  pence,  which  add.    Divide  the  pro- 
duct  by  9,    and   you   have  the    amount   required. 
Should  there  be  a  remainder,  each  unit  is  6  pence 
sterling,  or  11  cents,  which  also  add. 
Reason  why. 
You  multiply  by  40  because  there  are  40  sixpences 
sterling  in  a  pound  ;  and  you  divide  by  9  because  9 
sixpences  compose  a  dollar 

Example. 
Required  to  know  the  amount  of  dollars  and  cents 
in  J15  15  6 

Multiply  by  40 

200 
Double  the  shillings  and  pence,  31 
Divide  by  9;*C1 

25        6  Remainder. 
Remainder  6x ).  1  =  66,  66 


Answer,    $25  66* 


To  reduce  Federal  Currency  into  Sterling  Money-^ 
reverse  the  Rule, 
Example. 
$25  66 
Multiply  by  9 

Divide  by  40)22.5 

5  25  Remainder. 

25  sixpences  f-  2 

=  12*.  6^.     add  12  6 

66  cents  -<-  11  = 

6  sixpences,  or  3 


£5  16  G 

•  To  which,  by  adding  9  per  cenU,  will  b«  ucerUiued  the 
par  vala«. 


ss 


PROTECTION   SOCIETIES- 


BRITISH  PROTECTIVE  EMIGRANT 
SOCIETY, 

Connected  with  tho  St.  George's  Society  of  Nev-York, 

iVb  17  Rector  Street, 

(late  42  Courtland  Street,) 

New-York. 

Mr.  O.  H.  WEBB,  Snperintendent. 


IRISH  EMIGRANT  SOCIETY, 

22  Spruce  Street, 

New-York. 


GERMAN  EMIGRANT  SOCIETY, 

95   Greenwich  Street, 
New-York. 


COMMISSIONERS  OF  EMIGRATION 

OF    THE    STATE    OF    NEW-YORK, 

City  Hall,       i 
New-York. 


Mendon,  Adams  Co.,  Illinois,  May  29,  1849. 
To  the  Superintendent  of  the  British  Protective  Society  : 

Sir  : — Excuse  the  liberty  I  lake  in  adc^ressing  you.  I  am  an 
Epipcopal  Clergyman  and  an  Englisliman,  and  feel  anxious  lo 
promote  not  only  the  spiritual,  but  likewise  the  temporal  atTairs 
of  my  countrymen.  1  therefore  send  you  this  letter,  as  by  doing 
80  I  may  be  the  means  of  assisting  some  of  my  countrymen  in 
finding  suitable  places  of  residence. 

There  is  room  in  this  neighborhood  for  a  large  number  to 
come  here  to  reside,  o[  farmers,  farm  laborers,  and  the  different 
trades  people  suitable  for  an  agricultural  community.  Land, 
both  unimproved  and  improved,  can  be  obtained  at  a  reasonable 
price.  Farm  laborers  ere  exceedingly  scarce,  and  have  been 
for  years  ;  their  wages  ver\'  high.  Girls  to  hire  out  to  work 
scarcely  to  bo  obtained.  All  kinds  of  provisions  considerably 
lower  than  in  the  Eastern  States. 

Mendon  is  only  fifteen  miles  from  the  city  of  Quincy,  on  the 
IMississippi  river,  where  a  ready  market  is  found  for  every  kind 
of  farm  produce. 

I  have  travelled  considerably  in  the  Stale  of  Illinois,  and  I 
know  not  of  a  more  healthy  portion  of  it  than  this,  or  one  more 
desirable  for  farming  purposcb. 

I  have  resided  bore  several  years,  and  from  the  newspapers 
I  have  learned  that  during  those  years  many  thousands  of  my 
countrymen  have  landed  in  the  United  Stales,  and  yet  scarcely 
one  out  of  such  a  large  number  has  come  here  to  reside.  This 
is  rather  an  out  of  the  way  place,  it  is  not  directly  on  the  track 
of  emigrants.  No  Germans  or  any  other  foreigners  here,  only 
the  English  language  ppoken. 

I  can  conscientiously  recommend  and  advise  a  large  number 
of  my  countrymen,  who  are  farmers,  farm  laborers,  and  me- 
chanics, connected  with  an  agricultural  community,  to  clioose 
this  neighborhood  as  their  residence  ;  and  if  tliey  are  Episcopa- 
liana,  I  particularly  invite  them  to  come  here,  as  by  doing  so, 
they  will  not  only  choose  a  healthy  and  dctsirable  place  of  resi- 
dence, and  benefit  their  temporal  circumstances,  but  will  also 
have  access  to  the  means  of  grace  to  wliich  they  have  been  ac- 
customed in  their  own  country.  They  will  find  an  Episcopal 
church  here,  which  is  open  every  Sunday  for  Divine  Worship, 
and  the  clergyman  a  fellow  countryman ;  whereas,  were  they  to 
come  to  this  state  and  choose  some  other  plr.ce  of  residence, 
among  a  largo  number  of  places,  they  would  probably  not  find 
either  an  Episcopal  Clergyman  cr  Church  thcnv  as  there  are  but 
very  few  Episcopal  Clergymen  or  Churches  in  Illinois. 

I  will  mention  the  route  for  emigrants  to  thin  place.  If  they 
wish  to  travel  by  the  northern  route,  let  them  come  to  Chicago, 
111.,  from  thence  down  the  Illinois  canal  and  river  to  St.  Louis, 
thence  up  the  Mississippi  to  Quiucy ;  from  whence  there  is  only 
fifteen  miles  land  travel  for  them  to  Mendon.  Or  they  may 
come  via  Philaoelphia,  Pittsburg,  Cincinnati  and  St.  Louis. 

Should  any  emigrants  wish  further  information  before  coming 
here  to  re«ide,  they  may  address  me  on  the  subject. 
Respectfully  yours, 

JOHN  SELLWOOD. 


40 


NAMES  OF  OWZOSRS 

OF 

LONDON,    LIVERPOOL    AND    GLASGOW 

WITH  TUEIB 

JSuvoptun   ^QtntUf 

AND 

Resniar  Dajs  of  Sailint. 


Mesars.  GRINNELL  &,  MINTURN, 

78  South-Btieet,  New- York. 
Their  European  Agents. 
Mesars.  Chapman,  Bowman  &  Co., 
••       Fidden,  Brothers  &  Co., 

Both  of  Liverpool. 
Messrs.  Phillips,  Shaw  &.  Lowthcr,  London. 

Mr.  ROBERT  KER:\I[T,» 

7C  South-street,  New-York. 

Old  Red  Star  Line,  estaHisl.od  in  ISIU.     Ship  sails  from  N«vr- 

York  lith  day  of  each  month. 

European  Ai^ents. 

Messrs.  Spooner,  Sauds  «So  Co.,  Liverpool. 

Ship  sails  from  Liverpool  2Gth  day  of  each  month. 

Mr.  CHARLES  II.  MARSHALL, 

38  Burlinjj  Slip,  New-York. 
Black  Ball  Line.     Ship  sails  tne  1st  und  IGth  of  each  xnonth 
from  New-York. 
European  Agents. 
Messrs.  Barinjf,  r».-oihor3  &,  Co., 

India  Bui'diujTs,  Water-st.,  Liverpool,  and 
Bishops':jat«-atreot,  London. 
Ship  sails  the  let  and  iGih  of  each  n>onlh  from  Liverpool. 

•  Mr.  Robert  Kerm.t  is  well  known  as  tho  originator  of  tho 
first  line  of  Packotj  between  LiverpocAl  and  New- York. 


41 


Mesare.  SPOFFORD,  TILESTON  &  Co., 

48  South-street,  New-York. 

Snip  sails  from  New- York  26ih  day  of  each  month. 

European  Agcnta. 

Meesrs.  Brown,  Shij)Iey  &,  Co.,  Liverpool. 

Ship  sails  from  Liverpool  the  11th  day  of  each  month. 


Messrs.  FROST,  HICKS  &  Co., 

68  South-street,  New-York. 
European  Agentn. 
Messrs.  Rathbone,-  Brotliers  &  Co.,  Liverpool. 


Messrs.  D.  &  A.  KINGSLAND  &  Co., 

Empire  Line,  55  Broad-etroet,  New-York. 

European  Agents. 
C.  Grimshaw  &.  Co.,  Liverpool. 


Messrs.  JOHN  GRLSWOLD  &  Co., 

70  South-street,  New-York. 
London  Line  of  Packets  from  London  Docks. 

European  Agents. 
Messrs.  Phillipe,  Shaw  &  Lowther, 
No.  2  Exchange  Buildings,  Royal  Exchange,  London. 


Mr.  DAVID  OGDEN, 

66  Wall-street,  New- York. 
Saint  George's  Line. 
European  Agents. 
Messrs.  Alexandor  Taylor  It.  Co., 

8  Lauucelot*s  Quay,  Liverpool. 


Mr.  A.  WOODHULL, 

South-street,  New- York. 
Glasgow  Lino. 


Messrs.  GARDINER  &  HOWELL, 

U4  Soulh-slreot,  Now-York. 
European  Afieut, 
Mr.  J.  Taylor  Crook,  XJvorpool. 


A»u,       Cnpl.O.  ir.  M.JudUliiM 
Akuioa,      ••    A.  Uyrio. 
Amkkkia,   "    N.  Sliuuuon. 

(-AM-^IMiNLV'      W.  hiMiyldMi, 


42 
BBITIOH  AND  NORTH  AMERICAN 

DKTWKKN 

NEW-YORK  AND  LIVERPOOL, 

AND    MKTWKKN 

BOSTON  AND  LIVERPOOL, 

TO    LAND    ANI»    KKCI.IVH    MAII.m    ANIJ    rAr;MKNUKHM. 

l'!uuoi*A,  Cupt.  V).  O,  Lott. 

lliiuciiNiA,  ••     W.J.C.finng. 

NiA<unA,  "     J.  Stonr. 

<'an,\i»\,  '•      W,  HatrliOili 

('AMtiKU,   ■      ■   ('t«pt.  .tnlill  I<^lt(ll|. 
PASSagO  twM  New. York  or  IIohIou  to  lilvcr|mol,(!ttbln,  l|j»120 
Do.  do.  dr..  do.  l?d  Cubin,      70 

For  Frul^Utor  l*HHNi»|n»,  npply  l«  Samhki.  H.  I.kwih, 

I  r«iiiiiiion^lit|  Wlihtf,  llnNlnti.  or  Itrri^  U) 

IS.  OVrXAXlD,  Jr., 

Nr.w.YouK,  Miiy  llh,  IH  I!).  'AH  HroadxBay. 

OCKAN   STKAAl   NAVIGATION 

Htkamkwh  ITkhmanm  niid  Wawhinwton  mill  from  Now»York  or\ 
tlin  tJdlli  of  ov«ry  iiioiilli,  lo  S<i\ill>t«iMptun  iiixl  l<r«Miirn,  rroiu 
l(r<Mii(<ii,  dtiriii);  (lin  Itlocliiulo,  on  tlin  lljili,  tuid  fioni  Soulliiuiip* 
tou  thn  *J()tl)  of  rvrry  iiiniillt,  An  ikkhi  iim  llm  Mockitdo  of  tun 
WcHor  cPiiHi-H,  (ho  StouMKMH  will  lotivo  lliul  port  on  tiko  15tl»  of 
ovory  iiM'iiili. 

Prion     Ol'     1*IIMHI^J«« 

from  Ninv-Voik  In  li*t  (!ubln,  l|l»l']0  \  LM  Cnhln,  :««;:) 

'•     Jtrrmon  iV  Nuut!miMplon»dj         i;>0;V.M     i\o        m 

JMHW-VOIlIt  A  I.IV73IirOOIi 

ij.  s.  MAiJi  stuam-sikp  company. 

ATi.ANrio,  I      AttCTH',  j      Ivniiono, 

l*Acirro,  I      A.NTAiu  Tir,  | 

To  iml  Iwiro  n  moiitli  fur  «'i'flit  miMilli''  of  »iio  yrtir,  ntid  onoo  ft 
niiMitli  tor  four  hionlliN, 
n.  K.  (JOliMNn,  Afront,  Ncw-Yovk, 
BROWN,  l^IIirLBY  At  Co.,  LivorpooL 


43 

rniinir  nojcMArj  a  oo. 

WASHINGTON  OTRECT,  (nkauCi'.i.aii-SiwkictO 
N  c  U)  -  Y  0  V  k . 

TiiiN  1'%lnl)lin)iiiiniit  r<)rwiu<li«  l*itNnnii{fon«  nt  {\\t\  v(>ry  lowoMt 
ruloM,  riiMii  Ndw-VoiU  to  llin  InliMiur  HolllninniklM  ui'  Nuilli 
AiiKirii'ii  hikI  ili«i  Citiiiiiluri, 

V,  II.  iV  Co,  liuvo  liivd  iituiiy  \tM\Tn*  oxporii'itcA  in  fdrwitnliui; 
lwnij;riiiiln  to  llirir  j>|iiri'M  of  (li'itliiiulioii — llwMf  iiiohih  boiiiK 
ninpin  to  ouivi'y  nny  tuiiubor  by  (^'unul,  KulUHoud  ur  Sloniiior, 
tu  nil  purlM  of  tlii>  Uiiiun. 

('i)in|ioliti()ii  provonlN  Ihrir  Hlutin;;  tho  pripcn,  wliiojj  urn  oou- 
utmilly  Uurlnnlinir ;  Ixil  IIiIn  niiicli  in  ^iinriiiit<>«<l,  vi/.  <  'I'liat  tlio 
lowoNl  poiiNiblo  rutt'H  urn  iuvuriubly  rximdrd  to  all  wlm  may 
ftviiil  llioiiiMrlvoa  of  llnMf  convoycii  crn,  whicU  uro  of  Ibo  fiint 
rln^i  KM  ri'l{i(r<)M  n|io  mI  itlltl  itiM'diiiiiiniliiliou, 

i*.  11.  iV.  <!o.,  by  ii(l<i|illii|(  lltiM  iiinilo  of  ilolni;  biiNliirM  Kl'o  lloNV 
ht  llio  liouil  of  tlioir  |>riirriiMi()ii,  tho  Inr^oNt  furwitrdlii^  u^onlN  in 
i;.«i  Uiiilr.l  SlutcN  of  Amrrion. 

N.  It.  INoaMO  copy  ndilrohN. 


£^'^^^         PASSAGE  i*.,'^> 

■b^  .  .  .  V  «  m^ ••• 

I'liOM   (JUKAT  inilTAm   AND   linir.ANI)   IJY  Tllli 
OUKJINAI.  "llLAClv  HTAir  LINK  Ol' I'ACKKTM. 

TlioKo  wiMbinj;  lo  iniiUo  (irrmiffomrnlH  lo  bilii/^  otit  llioir  fiinndi 
from  llin  «)|:|  rouulry  rt>n  Ncriiro  llioir  putiiujio  by  Ibft  nbovo  liiiio 
of  Hplcudid  Tuckol  .'^hipK  ho  fuvori\bly  known  for  tlioir  )iiinctuulity 
in  mtiiiiiK.  (tiid  tlirir  vry  Miipoiior  noiontninilHtlonH  (or  imrnnn- 
gnm,  by  rulliiiijou  Uio  •SulmoriborM.""'riio  oriirini\l  "  Ulurk  Slur" 
liiiin  In  wnll  known  to  bo  ooiiip<)H«^d  of  Noiiio  of  tlm  jiirjrnptt  uud 
lln«f  I  KJilpn  ftllout,  nn»»t  of  tlioiii  ww.    'I'liry  arc  llm 

CaM-.H  (JlllMlillAW,       HaIIIUNIA,  ('aKOMC,  NlAOAKA, 

\V||l«'ONil|N,  riUNt'KTONi  CnUNI'I.U,  l.ltlfiinTYi 

l''ANOilON|  AmKUIUAi  (lui.tiMiniM,  OlIlO, 

nnil  kuoti  olbom  nn  n»ny  bo  rfl<p»lrrd  lo  koop  itp  a  wnokly  lino* 
NVhrn  lliowo  H«'lllnd  f»»r  dcclino  i'oinintj  <>••'<  t'l"  p»w«i«k'"  Hionoy 
will  b«  rolnriMM'.  iim  uhuuI  williout  nny  Uodnotion.     Apply  to 
SAMUCL  TIZOllPSOM  &  NCPZICW, 

VITA  M'nirl'Btrertf  jy\  1\ 
Or  lo  C.  GKIM.SIIAW  A.  Co.,     10  (Jorno  Tiur/.a^  or 

60  Wutorluo  l{onJ,  r/ivorpool. 
Dmrtu,  or  V'xcbanno  )iuynbIo  ul  h\^\\1,  nro  hI«o  fnruinlind  for 
nny  nuiount,  nnd  oun  lio  Mo<inr«'d  on  nil  llio  UriknnbnM  of  llio 
^ulionnl  lUnk  of  Iroland,  tlin  Norlliorn  Kiinkini;  (<o,.  tho  Hi* 
hrrnlan  nitnk,  llm  NiaionnI  Uank  uf  Kootlnnd  i  on  U.  C.  Olyu 
&  Co.,  Dnnkrm.  London  \  C.  Grimiihftw  4c  Co  ,  Liverpool. 
Apply  tut  Mbovf . 


4t 

E.  W.  KIMDALL  &  Co. 

DUNKXN,  ZCKIVXDALL  Ac  Co^  Liverpool, 

TloBpcclfullv  liilorin  tlicir  fricMuln  and  tli«  pnblio,  timt  they  eon- 
tinuotho  .^MIIM'ING  imd  COMMISSION  JIUSINKSS.  to- 
jrother  with  the  GKNKUAL  TASSKNUKU  UUSINESS, 
prRiitinpccrlifiriitcB  of  pn^Hajjo  fnim  London,  lilvcrpool, Dublin, 
Jli'Ifiirtt,  or  nny  jmrt  of  tlu*  Old  ('(unitry  to  iNow-N'ork,  Jl«>»loii 
nnd  riiil«d«|i»|iin  oil  tlio  iiKmt  r<Mi«.(uiul>ln  tfmif<. 

DriiflH  uiid  liilh  of  r.xcliiintit*  Irom  X'l  to  «ny  amount,  on  tho 
Uoyal  Bunk  of  Iroland  nnd  iln  brfinclicM,  und  on  Livcr|)ooI. 

'I'ho  dayH  of  Hailinfj  of  tho  Kojrnlnr  Lino  of  Liverpool  Pnckcti 
at  fixed  upon,  iiro  tho  l»t,  Cth,  lllh,  lOlli,  tilnt  und  i2(ith  of 
cv«'ry  inonlh. 

'J'hoHO  MhipH  nro  nil  of  tho  Inrc^iNt  cli»".i,  and  nro  conimiind(*d 
by  nu'ii  of  churacler  nnd  oxpcrionco.  Tho  oabin  uccominodu- 
tioUN  luo  all  that  ran  b<>  (hfiirid  in  point  of  hphMuJor,  roinforl  nnd 
convonieufo.  'I'lioy  aro  fiiiiiiHh«  d  with  rv(»ry  doHrription  of 
KtorcN  of  tho  bi'Ni,  kind,  runduuliiy  in  thu  dayH  of  Huilini;  will 
bo  Hlriclly  ndhcroti  to. 

rackot-HJiipji  ItminiuB,  RiddonH,  Shcrldnn,  Durlinfjton,  Albanin, 
nnd  (JarricU  uro  viMt;*olii  of  ilio  lar|^rn.  cImmh;  and  tho^o  dfoirouH 
t«i  brin;?  onl  thrir  friiMwIn,  «Miniiot    hUmI   linor  or  nafiT  hhlpn. 
rttrmaijo  ran  bo  «o«mmo«I  at  tht<  lowoNt  rul«'N. 
Now  Orb<aiiM  Lino  of  ruckotH  Mail  weekly. 
Sliip  for  ('aliforniii  monthly. 
Tor  I'Voijiht  or  I'uawajM^  "I'l^'y  '^'*  'djovo. 

D.    LEECH    &,    Oo.'s 

Tor  forwnrdin'j  ISifMi-ii^jorM  and  their  Lu>^j:fa|^o  to 

PlTTSIiUlWII,  CIN<MNNATL  LOUISVILLK,  AND 

ST.  LOUIS, 

and  nil  purtu  of  the  Wi-Mtern  (\umtry. 

Onirra,    No,     7      W«<*l-Blrr«l,   Nf««--Vork, 

ttt  nnd   15  South  Third  Street,    riiiliidelphiit,   and   tho 

Canal  Jlanin,  ritlMburjjh. 

Pu«HonRern  nro  forwi\rdrd  dally,  nnd  nt  tho  IowonI  rat.»«  of 
furo  by  tiio  nbove  well-known  Lino  to  all  parts  of  tho  West. 
The  corB  nnd  boatw  nre  of  the  larpjest  nnd  most  comfortable  kind, 
nn<l  every  uttontion  paid  to  lll(^  rmurort  and  M«curity  of  tho 
I'liNKen^rfH. 

B.  LI3I3CIZ  6l  Co. 

7  Weat-street,  Ntto-York. 


U  50 

n  00 

3  25 

4  25 

n  25 
C  75 
8  25 

3  25 
3  75 

3  75 

4  25 

45 


145  Wanbin{rton-Ktroot.  and  7  Wost-itroot, 

Forward  Pi\8flpnj;rr8  daily  at  the  lowest  ratOH, 
From  Now-York  lo  nnlVuIo,       .... 
••  ••  to  C;i.>vrliind,     . 

"  ••  lo  Uoiroit, 

••  *•  lo  any  Tort  on  Lsiko  Michigan 

Chicago,  Mi'waukie, 
"  •'  toCinciiiniiti,     . 

**  *'  to  Lonisvillo,  Ky., 

"  ••  to  St.  LouiH,       . 

CANADA    PORTS. 

"  '•  to  Port  IIopo,  C.  W., 

•'  *•  to  Kiii^vtou, 

•'  ••  to  Toronto, 

"  ••  to  Hamilton, 

They  arc  Agents  for  the  old  established  Houao  of  D.  LEECH 
&  Co.,  of  Pitubur^rl)  and  Philadelphia,  aod  forward  Passengers 
by  tiiat  route  at  tlic  lowest  rates  of  fare. 

HZ]^7DSS  &  Co. 


JOHN     ALLEN^S 
American    Inland    Passage    Line. 

Licenfed  by  AuthorUij  of  the  State  end  City  of  Niic-  York  for  Uu 

PROTECTION  OF  E:\I1GUANTS  AND  OTHERS, 

Forward  Passengers  and  their  Baggage,  daily,  at  the  lowest 

rates,  to  the  following  places,  viz  : 
Utica,  Cleveland,       Racine,  St.  Louis, 

Syracuse,        Sandusky,       Sou^hport,       Galena, 
Onwego,  Toledo,  Chicago,  Toronto  &,  Hamilton. 

Rochester,        Detroit,  Pittsburgh,       Kingston, 

Buffalo,  Milwaukio,     Ciacinnati,       8.  Johns  &  Montreal. 

Also  to  any  part  of 
Ohio,  Indiana,  Wisconeinf 

Illinois,  Michigan,  Missouri, 

Kentucky,  Iowa,  Tennesseo, 

Upper  and  Lower  Canada. 
Passengers  will  consult  their  interests  by  making  their  engage- 
ments with  this  Company,  as  they  will  be  forwarded  securely, 
cheaply,  and  expeditiously. 

Office,  157  Cedar-btreet,  Neio-York, 
JOHSar   ALXiSZ7. 


46 


HZr^DZSS    &    CO., 

7  West-Street,  and  145  Washlngton-itreet, 

157  Cedar-street» 

Ncto*yovft. 

WOLF  56  RESCHMULLER, 

159  Washington-street, 

NEW-TORS. 

W.  &  J.  T.  TAPSCOTT  &  Co., 

86  Sonth-street, 

NEIV.YORK. 


A    CARD. 

TO   SINGLE    GENTLEMEN. 

ilTr0.     lUljitc, 

OF  255  J-  GUEEN'WICH-STREET,  NEW-YORK, 
Has  excellent  accommodations  for  8inp;lo  (rentlenien  visiting  the 
States,  at  which  address  jrood  and  eubstaiitial  Board,  and  kind 
.  treatment  to  parties,  is  afforded  at  modcruto  rates. 

Breakfast  at  7  o'clock ;  Dinner  at  1  o'clock  ;  Tea  and  Supper 
at  G  o'clock. 

ID"  Permanent  Lodgers,  .     ..  $2  75  per  Week. 


47 

TEE   OTABEg, 

T  II  A  IVI  E  r4   8  T  R  B:  K  T  ,     IV  H  AV  -  Y  O  R  K  , 

BY  CHARLES   COX. 

The  rroprii'tor  of  Iho  S^i^-ID'IS  ?J  respectfully  informs 
the  Pubhc,  CRpccially  the  HKl  llSIl  arrivinfj  ut  or  remdingf  in 
New-York,  thnt  this  old  ostablished  liostclry  has  lately  undergone 
extensive  and  elaboruto  repairs  and  decorations,  and  that  ho  haa 
always  on  hand, 

WINFH    ANO   ^4X>IRIT8 
Of  the  best  quality,  to;:ctlior  witii 

LONDON  &  DUBLIN  STOUT.  SCOTCH  AhTi,  &c 

STEAKS,  CHOPS,  WELSH  RABBITS  St  POACHED  EGGS, 

served  up  in  the  usual  Enjrlish  style. 

HOT  JOINTS  FllOM   12  TO   3  o'cLOCK  DAILY, 

N.  B.  The  principal  London  newspapers  taken  in  weekly. 

'       HOTEL  BY  THE  "CYMRO." 

JAMES  REES,  late  of  the  oriRinul  Shades,  respectfully  in- 
forms his  friends  that  he  has  opened  a  new  house,  No.  4  Murray- 
street,  called 

which  he  has  fitted  up  in  the  best  style.  His  Wines,  Ales,  and 
other  Liquors  cannot  be  excelled.  Chops,  Steaks,  Foached  Ek^js, 
Welsh  Kabbits,  and  every  kind  of  relish,  of  superior  quality, 
M'ith  unrivalled  cooking. 

N.  B.  Private  Rooms,  handsomely  furnislied,  with  excellent 
rooms  for  supper  or  dinner  parties,  referee  parties,  &c.  Lunch 
•very  day  from  11  to  1. 

No.    18    Circcnwich-Htrcct,    near    the    Battery, 

The  EAQLE  is  a  new  house,  and  will  be  found  in  every 
respect  equal  to  any,  and  surpassed  by  none,  as  an  Emitjrant 
Boarding  House.  It  is  convenient  to  the  Albany,  Boston,  Phila- 
delphia, Providence,  and  other  Steam  Boats  ;  and  particular  at- 
tention is  paid  to  the  comfort  and  convenience  of  Emigrants. 
We  give  below  a  statement  of  prices,  which  will  be  found 
moderate  and  no  extortion,  (so  common  amongst  many,)  or  de- 
viation will  be  made  from  them. 

Board  and  Lodging,  per  week,        .         .         .     $3  50 
«'  •*  per  day,  ...  75 

Single  Meal, 25 

*•     Night's  Lodging,  ....  25 


48 

T  A  P  S  C  0  TT  'S 

AND 

FOREIGN   EXCHANGE  OFFICES. 

W.  6l  J,  T.  TAPSCOTT, 

86  Souih-Btreet,  cor.  burling  Slip,  New-York. 

'WTfl.  TAPSCOTT  <&  Co., 

St.  Ucor^e's  Buildings,  Kejrem's  Road,  Liverpool. 

The  Subscribere  continue  to  engage  Pasaeugers  (and  are  the 
only  PassenjTer  Agents)  for 

THE  W:]  UilL  CF  LIVERPOOL  PACKETS. 

iS/ujis.  Burthen. 

Queen  of  the  West,  (new,)  ...     1250  tons. 

Sheridan,  ......         nuO     " 

Constitution,  (new,) 1500     " 

Gakrick, HOG     " 

HoiTINGUER,  .  -  -  -  -  -1150" 

RosciL's, 1150     " 

Livfini'ooL,  (new,)         .....     1250     " 

8IDDON8, 1100     " 

UNION  LINE  CF  UIVERPOOLPACKETS, 
Comprising  in  part  tbe  Mortimer  Livingston,  America,  Colum- 
bus, Kappuhannock,  Mamiion,  Ivanboe,  Sea,  Orphan,  Metoka, 
Judah  'I'ouro,  Sea  Queen,  Emma  AV'atts,  Minesota,  LeouidaB, 
Sumoset,  Euxine,  Samuel  tlicks,  &;c.,  &c.     And  the 

St.  George's  Line  of  Liverpool  Packets, 

Comprising  the  St.  George,  St.  Patrick,  Andrew  Foster,  &,c., 
and  many  other  firt<t  class  I'ackets. 

The  isolation  Line  of  Packets,  comprising  24 
Ships,  sailing  on  the  Ist,  bth,  iGlli,  and  2Uh  of  each  month. 

The  Glasgow  luiuc  of  Packets,  sailing  from  New- 
York  and  Glat'gow  on  the  1st  ami  15lli  of  each  month. 

To  Emigrants  to  the  Tar  West.— w.  &  J.  T.  T. 

having  tho  most  extended  urran;j;eMie2it8  for  conveying  Passengers 
from  New-York  to  the  Far  \Vest,  of  any  house  in  the  Trade, 
they  are  enabled  to  ofler  them  any  modo  of  conveyance,  whethar 
Kail  Koad,  Canal,  or  Steamboat,  and  at  prices  us  low  as  aro 
usually  paid  for  the  worst  pctssible  conveyance,  and  with  a  cer- 
tainty of  tlieir  not  being  subjoeted  to  any  delay  or  imposition  on 
the  route. 

'^.  6l  J.  rj.  TAPSCOTT, 

At  their  Gentral  Kinigration  and  Foreign  Exchange  Ojfice^ 
^lO  Moiilli-strcef,  rVew-York. 


ST.    GEORGE'S    SOCIETY 


KE  W-Y(DiaE, 


Officers  for  the  Year  1849-50. 


ELECTED     lOlh    JTANUARV,  1S40. 


President. 

JOHN  C.BEAI.ES,M.D.5I3  Broadway. 

First  Vice-President. 

J.  LEANDER  STARR,  71  Wdll-»treet 

Second  Vice-President. 

WILLIAM  YOUNO,  3  P.artlay  Street. 

Treasurer. 

ROBERT  BAG E,  120  Maidco  Lane.  j 

Secretaries.  ! 

EDWARD  WALKER.  114  Fulton  Street,  ; 
JOHN  T.  WALKER,  53  Exchaoge  Place. 

Stewards. 

J.  C.  WELL3. 17  WhII  Street. 

G.  B.  BROWN.  411  Wathiugton  Street 

H.  JEPSUP.91  John  Street. 

T.  K.NOCK,  172  Broadway. 

Committee  of  Accounts. 

TH09.  DIXON,  51  William  Street. 
R.  N.  TINSv)N.  339  Broadway. 
CHA8. CLIFTON,  3*  Cedar  SlreeU 

Cbaplains. 

Ret.  JOHN  M.  WAIN  VV  RIGHT,  D.  D., 

10  Hul»ert  Street. 
Rkt.  FRANCIS  VINTON,  D.  D.,  Brooklyn. 


Physicians. 

JOHN  C.  BE  ALES.  .M.  D.,  543  Broadway. 
R.  PENNELL..M.  O.,  94  Chambers  St. 
G.  A.  SAIUNK.  M.  D.,  347  Fourth  Street. 
JOS.  BRADSHAW.  M.  D.,  II  Barclay  8l 
R.  II  JACKSON,  M.  D  .  120  Cherry  St. 
Dr.  L.  BAKKER.55  Franklin  Street 

Charitable  Committee. 

GEORGE  SHAW,  40  Stone  Street. 

CHARLES  PIT  r.  17  Third  Avenun. 

C.  LQWTIIER.  4i2  Washington  Street. 

C.  B.  ELLLMAN,211  Pearl  Street. 

Mb.  SOTHER.  VictoriaCottage,  Brooklyn. 

Emigrrant  Committco> 

JOHN  S.  BA RTLE  f  T.  86  William  Street 
RICH'D  RELL.  HR.iover  St,  cor.  Exc.  PI. 
JOHN  CONNAH.  16  Reaver  Slrpct 
RICHARD  IKVIN.98Froni  Street 
MATTIIhW  RUDSDALE,  51  Brond  St 
G.  W.  TAYLOR..  23d  St  near  5ih  A«enae. 
ANTHONY  BARCLAY,  58  BarcUy  St 
W.  D  CUTHBKRTSON,  61  Water  St 
SEPTIMUS  CROOKS,  28  CI'fT  Street. 
HENRY  JESSUP.91  John  Street 
T.  KNOCK.  172  Broadway. 
B.  H.  DOWNING,  2«3  Jay  St,  Brooklyn. 


JOHN  MACKIE,  Collector. 


TO   BRITISH   EMIGRANTS. 

British  Protective  Emigrant  Society, 

COXNECTKD  WITII  THK 

Saint  ©eorgc'0  SocUtg  of  ^ttu-'IJork, 

(an  incorpohateu  society,) 

Oaieet  17  Itector'ttreely  /IVtr-Ilprlt, 

(Late  42  Cortlandt-etreet.) 

Dx.  JOHN  O.  BEAIES,  President  of  St.  George  Society. 
ANOTHONY    BARCLAY,   E»q.,    RICILA.IID  IRVIN,  Esq.,  Prest.  St. 

British  Consul,  Andrews  Soc. 

THOMAS  DIXON,  Esq.  SEPTIMUS   CROOKES,  Esq. 

EDWARD  F.  SANDERSON,  Esq.  B.  H.  DOWNING,  Esq. 
JAMES  BOORMAN.  Esq.  THOMAS   KNOCK,   Esq. 

WM.  D.  OUTHEERTSON.Esq.     MATTHEV/  RUDSDALE,  Esq. 
JAMES  B.  ELLir.TAN,  Esq.  RICHARD   BELL,  Esq. 

JOHN  S.  BARTLETT,  Esq.  JOHN   OONNAH,  Esq. 

OHAS.  EDWARDS,  Esq.,  Counsellor  and  Solicitor  to  B.  P.  E.  Society. 
CHARLES  IZ.  WEED,  Superintendent. 

The  "  Hritisji  Protective  E.MiciRANT  Society"  was  e6taS!;^hed  in 
1844,  expressly  lor  the  purpose  of  protfxtinq  Emigrants  i-jiom  fraud 
AND  iMi'osiTiov ;  and  it  ur^jes  iip«»u  them  the  necessity,  on  arrival  at 
New-York,  of  iimking  iinrnediute  application  to  the  Society,  at  the 
ollicc  No.  17  Reclor-bl reel,  where  they  will  receive  correct  information 
and  advice,  *'frCG  of  Cliarg"C»"  relative  to  routes,  expenses  of 
travelling,  and  all  lualtera  connected  with  their  future  prospects  iu  a 
"Btran;;e  land." 

O*  Einiijfranta  are  particularly  cautioned  against  persons  whom 
they  first  meet  on  arrival  at  this  port,  e:specially  those  who  would 
endeavor  to  prevent  their  applying  to  this  Society  ;  as  by  lendin^j  au 
ear  to  these  pretended  profcjsionH  of  aHsistance  and  friendship,  they 
aro  ceriuiu  of  fiudiMjr  iheiurtolves  imposed  upon  ! 

The  Society  desires  to  impress  upon  the  minds  of  Emigrants  that 
its  object  is  simply  to  give  advice, //<;«  of  chnr<^e^  and  to  caution  thcin 
Bf^aiiibt  the  numorous  frauds  and  impositions  to  which  they  are  sub- 
jected, and  to  direct  them  how  to  proceed  to  their  resi>ective  places  of 
destination  safely  and  economically.  The  Society  has  no  agoutij  either 
in  Great  Britain  or  Ireland,  neither  has  it,  nor  any  of  its  members, 
any  thinjj  to  do  in  promotiiija;  Emigration,  nor  with  any  agent  or  com- 
pany connected  with  the  purchase  or  disposal  of  lands  to  Emigrants, 
before  or  after  their  arrival  ;  nor  is  it  associated,  either  directly  or 
indirectly,  with  any  party  engaged  in  the  business  of  forwarding  emi- 
g  r  a  n  t-  p  asse  n  ge  rs. 

NexL'York,  A^rii  %\d,  1841). 
^      The  applicants  to  the  British    Proteotivo   Emgrant  Society,  from 
its  commencement,  have  been  as  followi : 

English,  -         -         -         -     1GG8  Employment  obtained  for  1273 

Scotch,       ....  53-3  "  ••  386 

Irish, 120G  "  ••  809 

Welsh,       .        *        -        .  229  "  '*  125 

Canada,  N.Scotia  and  W.  Indies,  125  '♦  •«  74 

Besides  45,000  who  have  applied  for  advice,  and  whose  names  aro 
registered  to  June  30th,  1849. 
17  Rector-street,  New-York. 


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